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International Journal of Marine Science 2013, Vol.3, No.37, 295-305
http://ijms.sophiapublisher.com
299
Table 1 List of Demosponges collected at Gulf of Mannar (GoM), India from the year 2006-2009
S. No.
Order
Family
Name of the Demosponge*
1
Agelasida
Agelasidae
Agelas mauritiana
(Carter, 1883)
2
Astrophorida
Ancorinidae
Rhabdastrella globostellata
(Carter, 1883)
3
Dendroceratida
Darwinellidae
Spongionella nigra
(Dendy, 1889)
4
Dictyoceratida
Dysideidae
Dysidea fragilis
(Montagu, 1818)
5
Lamellodysidea herbacea
(Keller, 1889)
6
Irciniidae
Ircinia
fusca
(Carter, 1880)
7
Spongiidae
Spongia
officinalis
(Linnaeus, 1759)
8
Hyattella cribriformis
(Hyatt, 1877)
9
Thorectidae
Fasciospongia
cavernosa
(Schmidt, 1862)
10
Lendenfeldia chondrodes
(De Laubenfels, 1954)
11
Hyrtios erectus
(Keller, 1889)
12
Hadromerida
Clionaidae
Spheciospongia vagabunda var. trincomaliensis
(Ridley, 1884)
13
Spheciospongia inconstans
(Dendy, 1887)
14
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Haliclona (Gellius) cellaria
(Rao, 1941)
15
Callyspongia (Cladochalina) diffusa
(Ridley, 1884)
16
Callyspongia (Cladochalina) fibrosa
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
17
Chalinidae
Haliclona (Reniera)cribricutis
(Dendy, 1922)
18
Haliclona (Gellius) fibulata
(Schmidt, 1862)
19
Haliclona pigmentifera
(Dendy, 1905)
20
Haliclona
tenuiramosa
(Burton, 1930)
21
Gelliodes carnosa
(Dendy, 1889)
22
Gelliodes pumila
(Lendenfeld, 1887)
23
Petrosiidae
Neopetrosia similis
(Ridley & Dendy, 1886)
24
Petrosia (Petrosia) nigricans
(Lindgren, 1897)
25
Xestospongia testudinaria
(Lamarck, 1815)
26
Halichondrida
Axinellidae
Axinella donnani
(Bowerbank, 1873)
27
Dragmacidon agariciforme
(Dendy, 1905)
28
Phycopsis
sp. (Carter, 1883)
29
Dictyonellidae
Stylissa
carteri
(Dendy, 1889)
30
Heteroxyidae
Myrmekioderma granulatum
(Esper, 1794)
31
Poecilosclerida
Chondropsidae
Chondropsis lamella
(Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976)
32
Iotrochotidae
Iotrochota baculifera
(Ridley, 1884)
33
Microcionidae
Clathria
(Thalysias) reinwardti
(Vosmaer, 1880)
34
Clathria (Thalysias)
sp
.
(Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864)
35
Mycalidae
Mycale (Mycale) grandis
(Gray, 1867)
36
Myxillidae
Myxilla (Ectyomyxilla) arenaria
(Dendy,1905)
37
Raspailiidae
Echinodictyum clathratum
(Dendy, 1905)
38
Tedaniidae
Tedania (Tedania) anhelans
(Vio in Olivi, 1792)
39
Spirophorida
Tetillidae
Cinachyrella tarentina
(Pulitzer-Finali, 1983)
40
Verongida
Pseudoceratinidae
Pseudoceratina purpurea
(Carter, 1880)
Note: *According to the latest nomenclature of World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) and World Porifera Database (WPD)
spicules or detritus material embedded in collagen
(spongin) fibers to perform the same functional role.
Collagen is an important extracellular matrix (ECM)
component in binding spicules and other amorphous
material to increase the structural rigidity of the mesohyl.
The canals in
Callyspongia fibrosa
were surrounded by
very thick and broad walls consisting of a collagen
matrix embedded with solid particles, being either
spicules or incorporated foreign matter. The ECM of
Hyattella cribriformis
,
Fasciospongia cavernosa
and
Dysidea fragilis
possesses bigger cavities with minute
detritus material embedded in the spongin network.