International Journal of Marine Science, 2017, Vol.7, No.11, 96-101
99
1.5 Data analysis
Data on proximate contents, microbial analysis and sensory evaluation was recorded in excel. One way analysis of
variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze data in SPSS for windows version 16.0 at P<0.05.
2 Results
Proximate composition for solar tent dried and open sun dried fish were 62.89% and 62.73% for protein, 23.24%
and 23.41% for fats, 7.22% and 16.31% for moisture, and 14.48% and 21.97% for ash respectively (Table 1).
Crude protein and crude fat showed non-significant differences (p=0.05), however, moisture and ash content were
significantly different (p=0.050).
Table 1 Proximate composition
Parameter (%)
Fresh
Solar dried
Open Sun dried
Crude protein
60.06±0.38
b
62.89±0.05
a
62.73±0.09
a
Fat
15.82±0.41
b
23.24 ±0.66
a
23.41±0.59
a
Moisture
90.11±0.63
a
7.22±0.02
c
16.31±0.36
b
Ash
12.48±0.76
c
14.48±0.08
b
21.97±0.36
a
Note: Data presented as Mean ±SD
.
Means with the same superscript along a column are not significantly different (p>0.05)
A highest total viable count of bacteria was recorded in open sun dried fish (4.1×10
5
CFU/g) compared to solar
tent dried fish (2.2×10
2
CFU/g)
and the results were significantly different (p=0.002) (Table 2). The commonest
isolated bacteria species from solar tent dried and open sun dried fish were 1.2×10
1
and 5.1×10
3
for Total Colifom,
0 and 1.0×10
4
for
Esherichian coli,
0 and 6.1×10
3
for
Salmonella
,
0 and 3.8×10
2
for
Shigella
, 5.9×10
2
and
5.1×10
4
for
Psuedomonasand.
Table 2 Bacteria isolates
Bacteria species
Bacteria colony forming units (CFU/g)
Fresh
Solar Tent Drying
Open sun drying
Total coliform
3.5×10
2
1.2×10
1
5.0×10
3
Escherishia coli
2.1×10
2
0
1.0×10
4
Salmonella
4.0 ×10
1
0
6.1×10
3
Shigella
2.3×10
1
0
3.8×10
3
Psuedomonas
7.0×10
1
5.2×10
2
5.1×10
4
TVC
3.0×10
3
2.2×10
2
4.1×10
5
The qualitative evaluation of sensory properties of the dried
Copadichromis virginalis
assessed showed that solar
tent dried fish samples had the highest acceptability of 3.8 with high sensory scores 3.7 for appearance, 3.9 for
color, 3.3 for odour than open sun dried which had the least acceptability of 2.2 followed by low sensory scores of
2.4 for appearance, 2.6 for colour, and 2.4 for odour (Table 3).
Table 3 Sensory evaluation
S/N
Parameter
Scores
Solar tent dried
Open sun dried
1
Appearance
3.7
2.4
2
Colour
3.9
2.6
3
Odour
3.3
2.4
4
Overall acceptance
3.8
2.2
Note: On the scale used in this assessment, the higher the value, the higher the quality
3 Discussion
Proximate composition is a reliable objective indicator for determining nutritional value and quality of fish
(Olvera et al., 1994; Hernandez et al., 2001; Sutharshiny et al., 2011). Results shows an increase in the crude
protein in solar tent dried and open sun dried
Copadichromis virginalis
, this indicates that fish protein nitrogen in
