Field Crop 2018, Vol.1, No.4, 15-17
15
A Letter
Open Access
Two Line Hybrid Seed Production in Rice
Vikas Mangal , MK Nautiyal, Anurag Tripathi, Ashish Gautam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, India
Corresponding author email:
Field Crop, 2018, Vol.1, No.4 doi:
Received: 08 Jun., 2018
Accepted: 19 Jul., 2018
Published: 19 Oct., 2018
Copyright © 2018
Mangal et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Mangal V., Nautiyal M.K., Tripathi A., and Gautam A., 2018, Two line hybrid seed production in rice, 2018, Field Crop, 1(4): 15-17 (doi:
)
Abstract
Rice is a staple food crop that feed half of the world’s population. Hybrid rice, a high yielding rice is the most potent
technology of increasing rice productivity. Hybrid rice seed production system involves two and three line system. Three line method
or cytoplasmic genic male sterile system has been found the most effective genetic tool for developing rice hybrids. Use of the
environment genic male sterility (EGMS) system in two-line breeding is simple, efficient, inexpensive and eliminates the limitations
associated with the cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility (CGMS) system. The EGMS system advantage includes no need of maintainer
line, no need of restorer line and does not have any negative effect of cytoplasm. EGMS system of hybrid seed production is more
economic and efficient than to the CGMS method. This article discusses the salient features of two line system over three line system
of seed production in hybrid rice.
Keywords
Hybrid rice; CGMS; EGMS; Maintainer line; Two line method
Background
About 90% of total rice is produced and consumed in Asia. Since population is increasing in an alarming rate, rice
productivity also needs to be produced to meet the global food demand. Hybrid rice, a type of rice which is proved
to yield more than the improved rice, plays an important role to secure food particularly in Asian countries where
rice is the major staple food. It has been established that hybrid rice produce 15-25% more yield than the
improved rice varieties when supplied with recommended dose of inputs like fertilizers, irrigation, timely weeding,
proper care and maintenance etc (Kushwaha, 2016; Sindhu and Kumar, 2018). Hybrid rice involves two type of
seed production techniques: two and three line system. Three line system of seed production techniques is widely
known and highly used for seed production of hybrid rice a globally whereas two line system is new over the three
line system.
The discovery of male sterility in rice has been successfully utilized in hybrid rice breeding and this method has
created significant contribution to food security in the world. CGMS, PGMS and TGMS have been utilized for
practical hybrid production in rice (
. The effective utilization of
a cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line resulted in a breakthrough for utilization of heterosis in an autogamous crop.
The utilization of genetic male sterility (GMS) in hybrid rice production has incredible potential to revolutionize
hybrid seed production technique.
The three-line system (CMS): (A) line, maintainer line (B), and restorer (R) line was developed to produce hybrid
seed and proved to be effective for increasing rice yield (Virmani et al., 2003; Sindhu and Kumar, 2018). The
two-line breeding framework by using thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) has been also discovered and
successfully developed as a breeding strategy in rice (Virmani et al., 2003,
/
HybridRice.pdf).
1 Advantages of the EGMS System over CGMS System
(1) There is no requirement of a maintainer line for seed multiplication, thus saves adequate time.
(2) EGMS has ability to use a wide range of genotypes as male parents, therefore, the prevalance of
