MMR_2024v14n6

Molecular Microbiology Research 2024, Vol.14, No.6, 290-297 http://microbescipublisher.com/index.php/mmr 295 diversity, particularly in bacterial and fungal communities. For instance, the activities of enzymes such as β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase were notably improved with straw incorporation and moderate nitrogen fertilization, which in turn increased the abundance of Proteobacteria and Basidiomycota. Additionally, the application of organic amendments like straw and manure has been found to significantly alter soil microbial community structures, promoting beneficial microbial taxa that contribute to soil fertility and crop productivity. The positive correlation between microbial health and maize yield underscores the importance of maintaining a balanced soil ecosystem for sustainable agricultural practices. Figure 1 Co-occurrence network diagram between bacterial and fungal taxa at the phyla level and nematode on the class level with soil fertility and enzymes under different treatments (Adopted from Yang et al., 2022) Image caption: Dot size indicates the value of relative abundances, Positive correlations are labeled with red lines and negative correlations are colored in green, thick lines are high correlations and little correlations have thin lines. Treatments: no nitrogen addition+straw addition (SR-N0), no nitrogen addition + traditional planting (TP-N0), no nitrogen addition + straw addition (SR-200), and traditional planting with nitrogen fertilizer application (TP-N200). TN, SOC, S-UE, S-CL, and S-SC represent total nitrogen content, soil organic carbon content, soil urease activity, soil sucrase activity, and soil cellulase activity (Adopted from Yang et al., 2022) Future research should continue to explore the intricate interactions between soil microbial communities and agricultural practices. Understanding these interactions at a deeper level can provide insights into optimizing fertilization regimes and straw management practices to enhance soil health and crop yields. Strategies for integrating microbial management into sustainable maize farming practices could include the development of tailored fertilization plans that consider the specific microbial needs of the soil, as well as the use of organic amendments to boost microbial diversity and activity. Additionally, long-term studies are needed to assess the cumulative effects of these practices on soil health and crop productivity over multiple growing seasons. By focusing on the co-regulation of soil microbial communities, we can develop more resilient and productive agricultural systems that support both environmental sustainability and food security.

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