Molecular Microbiology Research 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 20-30 http://microbescipublisher.com/index.php/mmr 29 However, metagenomics also faces some challenges in ecological environment protection and restoration. First, parsing and interpreting metagenomics data remains a huge challenge. Metagenomic data are large and complex, requiring advanced bioinformatics methods and computational technologies for analysis and interpretation. This requires strengthening interdisciplinary cooperation and improving data processing and analysis capabilities. The application of metagenomics technology also needs to consider issues such as cost, efficiency and feasibility. At present, the cost of metagenomics technology is relatively high, which limits its promotion and application in practical applications. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously optimize the technical process, reduce costs, and improve the practicality and feasibility of metagenomics technology. In addition, metagenomics technology needs to be combined with other technologies in practical applications to form a comprehensive solution. For example, combining metagenomics with remote sensing technology, geographic information systems, etc. can provide a more comprehensive understanding of ecological environment conditions and problems, and provide more scientific and effective support for ecological environment protection and restoration (Ofaim et al., 2017). Metagenomics has broad application prospects and huge potential in ecological environment protection and restoration. In the future, we need to continue to overcome technical challenges, strengthen interdisciplinary cooperation, promote technological innovation and application, and provide more scientific and effective technical support and solutions for ecological environment protection and restoration. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Chen Q., An X., Zheng B., Gillings M., Peñuelas J., Cui L., Su J., and Zhu Y., 2019, Loss of soil microbial diversity exacerbates spread of antibiotic resistance, Soil Ecology Letters, 1: 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-019-0011-0 Delgado-Baquerizo M., Maestre F., Reich P., Jeffries T., Gaitán J., Encinar D., Berdugo M., Campbell C., and Singh B., 2016, Microbial diversity drives multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems, Nature Communications, 7: 10541. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10541 Datta S., Rajnish K., Samuel M., Pugazlendhi A., and SelvarajanE., 2020, Metagenomic applications in microbial diversity, bioremediation, pollution monitoring, enzyme and drug discovery, A review. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 18: 1229-1241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01010-z Garrido-Cardenas J., and Manzano-Agugliaro F., 2017, The metagenomics worldwide research, Current Genetics, 63: 819-829. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-017-0693-8 Goussarov G., Mysara M., Vandamme P., and Houdt R., 2022, Introduction to the principles and methods underlying the recovery of metagenome‐assembled genomes from metagenomic data, MicrobiologyOpen, 11(3): e1298. https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1298 Hernandez D., David A., Menges E., Searcy C., and Afkhami M., 2021, Environmental stress destabilizes microbial networks, The ISME Journal, 15: 1722-1734. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00882-x Hiraoka S., Yang C.C., and Lwasaki W., 2016, Metagenomics and bioinformatics in microbial ecology: current status and beyond, Microbes and environments, 31(3): 204-212. https://doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME16024 Kour D., Kaur T., Devi R., Yadav A., Singh M., Joshi D., and Saxena A.K., 2021, Beneficial microbiomes for bioremediation of diverse contaminated environments for environmental sustainability: present status and future challenges, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28: 24917-24939. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13252-7 Ko K.K.K., Chng K.R., and Nagarajan N., 2022, Metagenomics-enabled microbial surveillance, Nat Microbiol 7: 486-496. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01089-w Luo G., Rensing C., Chen H., Liu M., Wang M., Guo S., and Shen Q., 2018, Deciphering the associations between soil microbial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality driven by long‐term fertilization management, Functional Ecology, 32(4): 1103-1116. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13039 Ma H.X., Zhang L.L., Sun X.M., Zhng H.Q., He M.X., Chen G.J., and Wang L.S., 2015, Understanding microbial communities and their functions by meta-omics approaches, Microbiology China, 42(5): 902-912.
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