Molecular Microbiology Research 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 10-19 http://microbescipublisher.com/index.php/mmr 18 diseases, the microbiome demonstrates great potential in the treatment of chronic diseases. By adjusting the composition and function of the microbiome, such as using probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, etc., the symptoms of chronic diseases can be effectively improved, even achieving a cure. This brings new hope for patients who have long been troubled by chronic diseases. Looking ahead, research on the microbiome and chronic diseases will increasingly focus on personalization. Each person's microbiome is unique, thus personalized medicine based on the microbiome will become an important direction in the future. In addition, interactions between the microbiome and other organisms, such as microbiomes in other parts of the body, environmental microbiomes, etc., will also become hotspots of research. With the continuous advancement of technology and deepening of research, it is expected to gain a deeper understanding of the causal relationship between the microbiome and chronic diseases and develop more precise and effective treatment methods. These breakthroughs will provide new perspectives and approaches, increasingly highlighting the important role of the microbiome in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Alpizar-Rodriguez D., Lesker T.R., Gronow A., Gilbert B., Raemy E., and Lamacchia C., 2019, Prevotella copri in individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis., 78: 590-593. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214514 Chiu C.Y., Chan Y.L., Tsai M.H., Wang C.J., Chiang M.H., and Chiu C.C., 2019, Gut microbial dysbiosis is associated with allergen-specific IgE responses in young children with airway allergies, World Allergy Organization Journal, 12: 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2019.100021 Cingi C., Muluk N.B., and Scadding G.K., 2019, Will every child have allergic rhinitis soon? International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 118: 53-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.12.019 Jack A.G., Martin J.B., Caporaso J.G., Janet K.J., Susan V.L., and Rob K., 2018, Current understanding of the human microbiome, Nature Medicine, 24: 392-400. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.4517 Kho Z.Y., and Lal S.K., 2018, The human gut microbiome-a potential controller of wellness and disease, Frontiers in Microbiology, 9: 1835. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01835 Kirstine J.B., Sonia S., Tillett B.J., McGuire H.M., Bordbar S., Yap Y.A., Nguyen L.T., Wilkins M.R., Corley S., Brodie S., Duong S., Wright C.J., Twigg S., de St Groth B.F., Harrison L.C., Mackay C.R., Gurzov E.N., Hamilton-Williams E.E., and Marino E., 2022, Metabolite-based dietary supplementation in human type 1 diabetes is associated with microbiota and immune modulation, Microbiome, 14(7): 162. Liang W.J., Enée E., Cédric A.V., Falcone M., Sun J., and Diana J., 2021, MIntestinal cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide shapes a protective neonatal gut microbiota against pancretic autoimmunity, Gut Microbes, 22(6) Maifeld A., Bartolomaeus H., Löber U., Avery E.G., Steckhan N., and Markó L., 2021, Fasting alters the gut microbiome reducing blood pressure and body weight in metabolic syndrome patients, Nat Commun., 12: 1970. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22097-0 Ogunrinola G.A., Oyewale J.O., Oshamika O.O., and Olasehinde G.I., 2020, The human microbiome and its impacts on health, International Journal of Microbiology, 20(6). https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8045646 Palmu J., Salosensaari A., Havulinna A.S., Cheng S., Inouye M., and Jain M., 2020, Association between the gut microbiota and blood pressure in a population cohort of 6953 Individuals, J Am Heart Assoc., 9: e016641. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.016641 Pascal M., Perez-Gordo M., and Caballero T., 2018, Microbiome and allergic diseases, Frontiers in Immunology, 9: 1584. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01584 Pothmann A., Illing T., Wiegand C., Hartmann A.A., and Elsner P., 2019, The microbiome and atopic dermatitis: A review, Am J Clin Dermatol., 20: 749-761. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-019-00467-1 Punt C.J.A., Koopman M. and Vermeulen L., 2017, From tumour heterogeneity to advances in precision treatment of colorectal cancer, Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol., 14: 235-246. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.171
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