Journal of Vaccine Research 2024, Vol.14, No.5, 231-242 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/jvr 239 Future vaccine strategies must focus on developing vaccines that can provide broad and durable protection. This includes the creation of next-generation multivalent vaccines that can target a wide array of variants. Additionally, the timely updating of booster vaccines to include antigens from newly circulating variants is crucial. Research is also exploring alternative delivery methods, such as inhalation, to enhance mucosal immunity, which could provide an additional layer of protection against respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2. While the initial COVID-19 vaccines have been instrumental in reducing the severity of the pandemic, the ongoing evolution of the virus necessitates continuous adaptation of vaccine strategies. Boosters play a critical role in maintaining high levels of immunity, and future vaccines must be designed to offer broad and long-lasting protection against a diverse range of variants. The collaborative efforts of the global scientific community will be essential in achieving these goals and ultimately controlling the spread of COVID-19. Acknowledgments The author extends sincere thanks to two anonymous peer reviewers for their feedback on the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. 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