Journal of Vaccine Research 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 1-9 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/jvr 4 according to related research, pregnant women should not receive the vaccine. If pregnant women come into contact with the varicella-zoster virus, they should consult a doctor immediately to determine whether additional measures are needed to protect their own and their baby's health (Yoshikawa et al., 2016) (Figure 2). Figure 2 Chickenpox Vaccine reagents 2 Methods to Improve Existing Chickenpox Vaccines 2.1 Impact of factors like dose, vaccination schedule, and timing on immune effectiveness Changes in factors such as dose, vaccination schedule, and timing can influence the immune effectiveness of the chickenpox vaccine. However, many other factors require further research and evaluation to ensure the optimal immune effectiveness of the vaccine. By understanding the impact of these factors, experts can further improve the chickenpox vaccine to provide more effective and safe immune protection, reducing the incidence of chickenpox and vaccine side effects. The optimal age for chickenpox vaccination remains a debated issue. Early vaccination may offer better immune protection but may also increase the risk of reduced vaccine effectiveness. Some studies suggest that vaccination in infants under one year of age may not be as effective because their immune systems are not fully developed. Therefore, current recommendations are to administer the first dose of the chickenpox vaccine between 12 and 15 months of age, followed by the second dose at 4~6 years of age. Individuals' immune status may also affect the immune effectiveness of the chickenpox vaccine. For example, individuals with compromised immune systems may not derive strong immune protection from the vaccine. Therefore, when assessing vaccine immune effectiveness, the recipient's immune status, such as immunodeficiency diseases or immunosuppressive treatments, needs to be considered. The varicella-zoster virus exhibits some variability, which could impact the immune effectiveness of the vaccine. Researchers need to continually monitor variations in virus strains and make corresponding adjustments to the vaccine to ensure its immune protection effectiveness against different strains. Differences in immune effectiveness between children and adults: Immune effectiveness of the chickenpox vaccine may differ between children and adults. Some studies suggest that adults may experience lower immune protection after receiving the chickenpox vaccine. This could be due to weaker immune responses in adults or prior exposure to the chickenpox virus. Therefore, researchers need to further study the vaccination effectiveness in different age groups to determine the optimal immune strategy (Kanra et al., 2000). 2.2 Protective effects and limitations of BCG vaccine Combination schedules involve administering multiple vaccines simultaneously in one vaccination plan to enhance immune protection. For example, in the chickenpox vaccine schedule, co-administration with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine can be considered. Studies indicate that co-administering the chickenpox vaccine with the MMR vaccine can provide similar immune protection effectiveness without increasing the risk of adverse reactions. Furthermore, combination vaccination can reduce the number of required vaccinations and
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