International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2025, Vol.15, No.5, 214-223 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmms 214 Research Insight Open Access Using Regenerative Dressings in Chronic Wound Care, Molecular View of Healing Jianmin Liu Sinovac Biotech Co., Ltd., Haidian, 100193, Beijing, China Corresponding email: Jianminliu@sinovac.com International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2025, Vol.15, No.5 doi: 10.5376/ijmms.2025.15.0022 Received: 15 Jul., 2025 Accepted: 20 Aug., 2025 Published: 23 Sep., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Liu, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Liu J.M., 2025, Using regenerative dressings in chronic wound care, molecular view of healing, International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 15(5): 214-223 (doi: 10.5376/ijmms.2025.15.0022) Abstract This study explored the role and molecular mechanism of regenerative dressings in chronic wound healing. Chronic wounds are difficult to heal due to persistent inflammation, oxidative stress and angiogenic disorders. Regenerated dressings are composed of natural, artificial or intelligent biomaterials, which accelerate tissue repair by regulating molecular signals, promoting cell growth and activating growth factors such as VEGF and TGF-β. The exosomes and micrornas released by these dressings can regulate intercellular communication and promote tissue regeneration. Experimental and clinical results show that this type of dressing can significantly accelerate healing and reduce inflammation. The combination of nanotechnology, stem cell therapy and precision medicine is expected to drive the development of regenerative dressings towards individualized and scar-free repair. Keywords Chronic wounds; Regenerative dressings; Molecular healing; Angiogenesis; Biomaterials 1 Introduction Chronic wounds usually refer to wounds that do not recover on time during the normal repair stage and persist for more than 4 to 6 weeks even with appropriate treatment. Such wounds include diabetic foot ulcers, lower extremity venous ulcers and pressure sores. The common characteristics are prolonged inflammation, weak cellular response and disruption of the local repair environment (Raziyeva et al., 2021; Raju et al., 2022). The incidence of chronic wounds is not low worldwide. Estimates show that approximately 2.21 out of every 1,000 people are affected by mixed-cause wounds, while the rate for chronic lower limb ulcers is about 1.51. With the aging of the population and the increase of diseases such as diabetes and obesity, their incidence and economic burden are still rising. Chronic wounds not only significantly reduce the quality of life of patients, but also bring heavy economic pressure to the global healthcare system. Effective wound healing is of great significance for restoring skin integrity, preventing infection and maintaining overall health. However, chronic wounds are often characterized by slow healing, high risk of infection, intense pain, limited mobility, and significant psychological and economic burdens (Han and Ceilley, 2017). Its formation mechanism is very complex, involving persistent inflammation, microbial membrane formation, insufficient vascular growth and abnormal immune system (Raziyeva et al., 2021; Cavallo et al., 2024). Due to the diverse types of wounds, numerous complications and the lack of unified treatment standards, there are great challenges in clinical management (Harding, 2022). Although there have been many research achievements in molecular and cellular mechanisms, many chronic wounds are still difficult to cure with traditional methods, which indicates the need to explore new treatment approaches (Mamun et al., 2024). This study will explore the role and principle of regenerative dressings in the treatment of chronic wounds. With the continuous progress of molecular biology, materials science and tissue engineering, the treatment directions for chronic wounds are also constantly being updated. Regenerated dressings can provide a moist and active environment and release drugs such as growth factors, stem cells or antibacterial substances to improve the wound environment and promote tissue repair. The emergence of this new type of dressing aims to address issues such as long-term inflammation, infection and low cell activity. Basic research and clinical results show that wound management is moving towards individualization and mechanism-oriented directions, which will help increase the healing speed and alleviate the global health burden caused by chronic wounds.
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