International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 80-88 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmms 86 don’t know the right amount for people to take. There isn’t a set dose yet. This makes it hard to use YPs safely in food or supplements. To solve this, we need better ways to produce YPs and figure out the best amount to use (Cheng et al., 2019). Doing this will also help get official approval and make people feel more confident using them. 6.3 Future directions for research and clinical validation We need more human studies to know for sure if YPs are safe and helpful over time. Lab and animal studies give good clues, but human trials are the only way to be sure. These studies should also look at how much to take and how long people should take them. It might also be useful to mix YPs with other good plant compounds. Using them together could make the effects stronger (Xu et al., 2021). Also, researchers should keep finding cheaper and more eco-friendly ways to get YPs. This will help use them in more types of food and health items (He et al., 2023). 7 Concluding Remarks Yam polysaccharides (YPs) may help fix problems related to pre-diabetes. Many studies show that YPs can lower blood sugar. They also fight inflammation and act as antioxidants. These effects can make insulin work better and protect the cells in the pancreas from damage. YPs can also support gut health. They help grow good gut bacteria and boost the production of short-chain fatty acids. These changes are good for metabolism. Because of these effects, YPs could be useful as a natural helper in managing pre-diabetes. YPs don’t just help with blood sugar. They also turn on important signals in the body, like AMPK and PI3K/Akt. These signals help the body use sugar better. They also make insulin work more smoothly. YPs can help with fat too. They help the body break down fat the right way. This may stop heart problems that often come with diabetes. So, using YPs along with regular diabetes treatments might give doctors more ways to help their patients. But there are still some issues. We don’t fully know how YPs work in real people. Most research has only been done in labs or on animals. We need bigger studies in humans to prove that YPs are safe and really work for people with pre-diabetes or diabetes. Also, there’s no set way to make YPs or know the best dose to take. Different methods give different results. So we need better rules for how to make YPs and how much to use. That will help turn them into real food products or supplements. Researchers should also check how YPs work with other healthy plant compounds. And they should study if YPs work for different types of people and over longer periods of time. In the future, YPs could become an important tool to help stop or slow down early-stage diabetes. They offer a natural way to improve health and may be a good part of new treatment plans. Acknowledgments Thanks to Dr. Wang in this project team for collecting and combing the literature during the study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References An S.F., Yu Y.L., Tan Z.W., Li C.M., Yang Q., Yang H.Q., Su X.Y., Sun Y., and Liang H.Z., 2024, Genomic analysis of yam: understanding its adaptive evolution and medicinal properties, Medicinal Plant Research, 14(1): 31-44. https://doi.org/10.5376/mpr.2024.14.0003 Andes L.J., Cheng Y.J., Rolka D.B., Gregg E.W., and Imperatore G., 2020, Prevalence of prediabetes among adolescents and young adults in the United States, 2005-2016, JAMA Pediatrics, 174(2): e194498-e194498. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4498 Cao C., Zhang B., Li C., Huang Q., Fu X., and Liu R.H., 2019, Structure and in vitro hypoglycemic activity of a homogenous polysaccharide purified from Sargassum pallidum, Food & Function, 10(5): 2828-2838. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8FO02525H
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNA==