IJMMS_2024v14n4

1 Introduction	4
2 Introduction to Epigenetics	5
2.1 Basic concepts of epigenetics	5
2.2 Role of epigenetics in gene regulation	5
2.3 Epigenetics and human disease	5
3 Genetic and Molecular Basis of Sickle Cell Anemi	5
3.1 Molecular pathogenesis of SCA	5
3.2 Pathophysiology of SCA	6
3.3 Current genetic understanding	7
4 Epigenetic Modulation of Fetal Hemoglobin (HbF)	7
4.1 Role of HbF in ameliorating SCA symptoms	7
4.2 Epigenetic regulation of HbF expression	8
4.3 Therapeutic strategies targeting HbF	8
5 Histone Modifications and Sickle Cell Anemia	8
5.1 Histone acetylation and deacetylation	8
5.2 Histone methylation	8
5.3 Therapeutic targeting of histone modifiers	9
6 DNA Methylation Patterns in Sickle Cell Anemia	9
6.1 Overview of DNA methylation	9
6.2 Aberrant methylation in SCA	9
6.3 DNA methylation as a therapeutic target	9
7 Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Epigenetic Regulation	9
7.1 Introduction to non-coding RNAs	9
7.2 miRNAs in sickle cell anemia (SCA)	10
7.3 Therapeutic potential of non-coding RNAs	10
8 Current and Emerging Epigenetic Therapies for Si	10
8.1 Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis)	10
8.2 DNA methyltransferase inhibitors	10
8.3 Gene editing and epigenome editing technologie	10
9 Challenges and Future Directions	11
9.1 Complexity of epigenetic regulation in SCA	11
9.2 Translational research gaps	11
9.3 Potential for personalized epigenetic therapie	11
10 Concluding Remarks	11
1 Introduction	28

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNQ==