International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.3, 167-176 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmms 174 one hand, research will focus on the extraction, amplification, and application of standardized MSCs to ensure consistency and reproducibility of treatment. On the other hand, customized treatment plans that adjust the dosage, infusion frequency, and timing of MSCs based on the specific condition of the patient (such as disease stage, immune system status, etc.) may become the key to improving treatment effectiveness. Meanwhile, exploring the combined application of MSCs with other treatment methods (such as immunosuppressants, biologics, etc.) to achieve synergistic effects is also an important direction for future research. Figure 2 The scheme of potential risks of adverse events during MSC transplantation (Lukomska et al., 2019) In addition to its application in GVHD treatment, other potential applications of MSCs in transplant medicine are also worth paying attention to. For example, MSCs can be used to improve tissue fusion and functional recovery after organ transplantation due to their ability to promote tissue repair and regeneration (Barreca et al., 2020). In addition, the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs make them promising therapeutic tools for treating autoimmune diseases and promoting transplant tolerance. Future research will also explore the application of MSCs in preventing post transplant infections, promoting angiogenesis, and improving long-term graft survival. In the future, transplant medicine will place greater emphasis on individualized and precision medicine to improve transplant success rates and patient quality of life. MSCs, as a multifunctional cell therapy tool, play an increasingly important role in this process. With further research on the biological characteristics of MSCs and the accumulation of clinical application experience, it is expected to develop more effective and safe basic treatment plans for MSCs. In addition, the combination with regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and immunomodulatory therapy will further expand the application scope of MSCs in transplant medicine (Canceda et al., 2023). Ultimately, by comprehensively utilizing cell therapy techniques such as MSCs, future transplant medicine is expected to achieve better harmonious coexistence between the transplant and the host, bringing more effective treatment options and higher quality of life to patients. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Barreca M., Cancemi P., and Geraci F., 2020, Mesenchymal and Induced pluripotent stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles: the new frontier for regenerative medicine?. Cells, 9(5): 1163. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9051163 PMid:32397132 PMCid:PMC7290733 Blanc K., Frassoni F., Ball L., Locatelli F., Roelofs H., Lewis I., Lanino E., Sundberg B., Bernardo M., Remberger M., Dini G., Egeler R., Bacigalupo A., Fibbe W., and Ringdén O., 2008, Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of steroid-resistant, severe, acute graft-versus-host disease: a phase II study, The Lancet, 371: 1579-1586. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60690-X Le B., and Ringdén O., 2005, Immunobiology of human mesenchymal stem cells and future use in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.. Biology of blood and marrow transplantation: journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 11(5): 321-334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.01.005 PMid:15846285
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNQ==