International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 106-122 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmms 116 Table 2 The list of Psychobiotics and their positive psycho effects (Adopted from Oroojzadeh et al., 2022) Potential Psychobiotics Dosage of Psychobiotics Observed Psycho Effect Study Model B. longum 1714 1 × 10^9 CFU/day by the stick with probiotic strains mixed into milk, drunk each morning for 4 weeks Decreased stress and enhanced memory Clinical/N = 22 healthy male volunteers L. rhamnosus (JB-1) 1 × 10^9 CFU/day as capsule for 4weeks Decreased stress-related behaviors, corticosterone release, and altered expression of central GABA receptors Clinical/N = 29 healthy male volunteers L. reuteri ATG-F4 1 × 10^7 CFU/day as drinking water for 4 weeks Anti-inflammatory effects, interleukin (IL)-10, and serum dopamine levels significantly increased Animal model/N = 10 malemice Pedicoccus pentosaceus WS11, L. plantarum SK321, L. fermentum SK324, L. brevis TRBC 3003, B. adolescentis TBRC 7154, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis TBRC375 6 × 10^9 CFU/day as cell pellets administered daily via oral gavage for 14 days Reduced anxiety level, increased locomotor function, improved short-term memory Animal model/N = 7 male Wistar rats L. gasseri CP2305 1 × 10^10 CFU/day mixed with acid milk beverages for 5weeks Improved sleep quality, effect on the growth of fecal Bacteroides spp. involved in intestinal inflammation Clinical/N = 21 male and N = 11 female healthy students L. plantarum PS128 1 × 10^10 CFU/day as pellet for 2 weeks by oral administration Reduced tic-like behaviors Animal model/N = 10 male Wistar rats L. plantarum PS128 3 × 10^10 CFU/day as capsule for 4 weeks Improve opposition/defiance behaviors in ASD children Clinical/N = 80 children (7–15 years) with ASD L. plantarum PS128 1 × 10^10 CFU/day as pellet by oral gavage for 4 weeks Reduced motor deficits, elevated corticosterone, and prevention of Parkinson’s disease Animal model/N = 18 malemice Multi-strain probiotic (Bacillus coagulans Unique IS2, L. rhamnosus UBLR58, B. lactis UBBLa70, L. plantarum UBLP40, B. breve UBBr01, B. infantis UBBI01) 1 × 10^9 CFU/capsule, twice a day for 28 days Reduction in depression anxiety stress scale and state-trait anxiety inventory Clinical/N = 80 students (63 female and 17 male) L. plantarum 90sk and B. adolescentis 150 0.5 mL/day of the mixture includes 1 × 10^7 CFU of B. adolescentis and 1 × 10^8 CFU of L. plantarum, by oral gavage for 14 days Reduced depressive-like behavior Animal model/N = 48 male mice with anxiety-like behavior and measures of despair L. rhamnosus JB-1 1 × 10^9 CFU/day by oral treatment for 14 days Antidepressant effects Animal model/N = 46 male mice with anxiety-like behavior and measures of despair L. casei W56, L. acidophilus W22, L. paracasei W20, B. lactis W51, L. salivarius W24, L. lactis W19, B. lactis W52, L. plantarum W62, and B. bifidum W23 3000 mg daily oral treatment for 6 months Normalized gut-microbiome composition, reduced inflammation and gastrointestinal discomfort, increased body weight Clinical/N = 60 patients with anorexia nervosa (13–19 years)
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