International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 69-79 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmms 76 From a legal perspective, genomics involves the protection and utilization of individual genetic information, and corresponding laws and regulations need to be formulated to regulate it. For example, it is necessary to clarify the ownership, usage rights, and distribution of benefits of genetic information to avoid disputes and conflicts (Clayton et al., 2019). In addition, it is necessary to establish a sound regulatory mechanism to severely crack down on illegal and irregular behaviors, and ensure the legality and standardization of genomic research. 3.2 Technical challenges and limitations The technical challenges and limitations faced in the application of genomics in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases mainly include the following aspects: Although genome sequencing technology has made significant progress, there are still some technical challenges. Rego and Snyder (2018) found that high-throughput sequencing is not suitable for longer DNA sequences, and there are significant difficulties in handling chimeric genes and multicopy sequences. This means that scientists may encounter some technical obstacles when obtaining and analyzing genetic information related to cardiovascular diseases. With the continuous advancement of technology, the amount of data generated by genome sequencing technology is also increasing, which poses great challenges to data processing and analysis. Thanassoulis et al. (2013) discussed hundreds of new genetic variations in heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors identified through large-scale genetic research over the past decade. Despite successfully identifying new genomic loci, genomic research has been criticized for its high cost, slow translation into clinical care, and many unfulfilled promises. At present, many institutions and laboratories are searching for more efficient and accurate data analysis methods to better solve the problems of gene sequencing data processing and analysis. The application of genomics in medical research still faces technological and cost limitations. Katsanis et al. (2013) discussed the point that genomic technology is reaching, which can detect genetic variations in patients with high precision and reduced cost, potentially fundamentally changing medicine. However, despite these technological breakthroughs, the challenge of interpreting and processing large amounts of genomic data still exists. At present, the technology of genome sequencing is not mature enough, and the accuracy and reliability of sequencing need to be improved. In addition, the cost of genome sequencing remains high, which limits its widespread application in clinical practice. Although genomics provides scientists with a wealth of genetic information about cardiovascular diseases, the occurrence and development of diseases are often the result of multiple factors working together, and genes are only a part of it. Therefore, when using genomics for disease prediction and diagnosis, it is necessary to approach the results with caution and avoid over interpretation and over treatment. 3.3 Future development direction and potential impact The future development direction and potential impact of genomics in cardiovascular disease prevention are very broad. With the continuous progress and innovation of technology, we can expect more breakthroughs and achievements. The future genome sequencing technology will be more efficient, precise, and cost-effective. This will make large-scale genome sequencing possible, providing stronger support for early screening, diagnosis, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. By conducting in-depth research on the relationship between genes and cardiovascular disease, it is possible to more accurately predict disease risk and tailor prevention strategies for individuals. The application of technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning in genomic data analysis will become increasingly widespread. Heil et al. (2021) analyzed the increasing integration of human genomics and its applications in biomedicine with artificial intelligence, as well as how these associated artificial intelligence methods are associated with causal knowledge needs in biomedical research and development and medical practice. Benes et al. (2018) summarized the progress and expected future directions of genomic medicine to improve cardiovascular risk reduction. Mendelian randomization and genome-wide association studies provide
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