International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 48-55 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmms 49 diseases, as well as the application prospects of personalized therapy and precision medicine. Through these reviews, the aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding and understanding of the application and clinical translation of gene therapy in cardiovascular diseases, and to provide guidance for further research and development. 1 Research Progress in Gene Therapy Related to Cardiovascular Diseases 1.1 Gene therapy related to angiogenesis and repair Cardiovascular disease is a kind of disease caused by atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, etc. Its development is closely related to the limitation of angiogenesis and repair. In recent years, gene therapy has become a new field for improving the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, including research on improving cardiovascular disease by promoting angiogenesis and repair. Angiogenesis and repair are important physiological processes in the cardiovascular system, which can restore blood supply and repair damaged tissues (Johnson et al., 2019). Gene therapy promotes the growth and repair of new blood vessels by targeting the activation or inhibition of specific gene expression, bringing hope for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The focus of a gene therapy study is on the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family (Figure 1), which plays an important role in angiogenesis and repair. Research has shown that by using a vector that transduces the VEGF gene, overexpression of VGEF can be induced, promoting the growth of new blood vessels, and improving myocardial blood supply. Similarly, other growth factors and regulatory factors such as FGF (fibroblast growth factor), PDGF (platelet derived growth factor), and HGF (hepatocyte growth factor) have also been extensively studied. These gene therapy strategies can not only stimulate the formation of new blood vessels, but also improve the function and stability of existing blood vessels. In addition to growth factors, gene therapy can also achieve therapeutic effects by altering negative regulatory factors of angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGF inhibitors). By inhibiting the expression of these negative regulatory factors, the inhibitory effect of angiogenesis can be reduced, thereby promoting the growth and repair of blood vessels. In animal models and preliminary clinical trials, gene therapy related to angiogenesis and repair has achieved some encouraging results. However, further research is needed to address potential safety issues and ensure consistency in treatment outcomes. In addition, the personalization and precision of gene therapy plans are also the direction of future research to achieve better treatment outcomes and prognosis. Gene therapy related to angiogenesis and repair has shown enormous potential in the field of cardiovascular diseases. By activating beneficial gene expression or inhibiting harmful gene expression, we can promote the growth and repair of new blood vessels, providing new ideas and methods for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, further research is still needed to verify its efficacy and safety in order to achieve true clinical translation. Figure 1 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
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