International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 48-55 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmms 48 Research Report Open Access The Development and Clinical Transformation of Gene Therapy in Cardiovascular Diseases Wei Wang, Lingfei Jin Biotechnology Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, China Corresponding author email: 3541865881@qq.com International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.2 doi: 10.5376/ijmms.2024.14.0007 Received: 01 Mar., 2024 Accepted: 30 Mar., 2024 Published: 08 Apr., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Wang and Jin, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Wang W., and Jin L.F., 2024, The development and clinical transformation of gene therapy in cardiovascular diseases, International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 14(2): 48-55 (doi: 10.5376/ijmms.2024.14.0007) Abstract Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of death worldwide, posing a huge burden on human health. Gene therapy, as an emerging treatment method, has the potential to change traditional treatment modes. This review aims to explore the development and clinical translation of gene therapy in cardiovascular diseases. This review systematically reviews the research progress of gene therapy related to cardiovascular diseases, including angiogenesis and repair, myocardial protection and reconstruction, as well as inflammation and immune regulation. In addition, the clinical trials of gene therapy that have been conducted were reviewed and their challenges and opportunities were discussed. The paper further prospects the prospects of gene therapy in cardiovascular diseases and explores the applications of personalized gene therapy and precision medicine. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview and reference for the application and research of gene therapy in cardiovascular diseases. Keywords Gene therapy; Cardiovascular disease; Clinical conversion; Personalized treatment Cardiovascular disease is one of the most significant causes of death worldwide, having a significant impact on human health and quality of life. Although there are currently various traditional treatment methods to choose from, such as drug therapy, surgery, and interventional therapy, there are still many challenges and limitations. Therefore, it is particularly important to seek new treatment methods to improve the prognosis and quality of life of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, gene therapy has attracted widespread attention and research as an emerging therapeutic strategy. Gene therapy aims to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases by introducing, modifying, or inhibiting the expression of specific genes (Cring and Sheffield, 2022). Its core principle is to restore or enhance the function of abnormal genes or inhibit the expression of harmful genes by delivering appropriate genes or RNA to the patient's body. Gene therapy has many advantages, such as targeting the cause directly, providing long-lasting therapeutic effects, reducing drug side effects, and improving patient resistance. In the field of cardiovascular disease, gene therapy provides us with new treatment ideas and opportunities. Previous studies have shown that gene therapy can improve the development and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases by promoting angiogenesis and repair, protecting myocardial cells, regulating inflammation and immune responses, and other pathways. These studies provide strong evidence for the development and clinical translation of gene therapy in the field of cardiovascular disease. However, although gene therapy has achieved some encouraging results in the laboratory, its application in clinical practice still faces many challenges. For example, the effectiveness and safety of gene delivery technology, the persistence and consistency of therapeutic effects, the personalization of treatment plans, and ethical and regulatory issues are all important factors that affect the clinical translation of gene therapy. Therefore, this review will comprehensively analyze the development and clinical translation of gene therapy in cardiovascular diseases. We will focus on the research progress in key areas such as angiogenesis and repair, myocardial protection and reconstruction, and inflammation regulation, and review the clinical trials of gene therapy that have been conducted. At the same time, discuss the prospects of gene therapy in cardiovascular
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