International Journal of Clinical Case Reports, 2025, Vol.15, No.1, 34-43 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijccr 39 time, as the water was absorbed and the material partially degraded, the signal intensity decreased, reflecting the expected changes in the injected material. 6.4 Key insights The collagen injection therapy offers several advantages. It is a simple and minimally invasive procedure, particularly suitable for elderly patients or those with comorbidities who are not candidates for surgery. Imaging plays a critical role in confirming the accurate placement of the material and excluding other pathological changes. The combined use of T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced imaging provides detailed information about the distribution of the injected material and differentiates it from other potential abnormalities, such as diverticula or masses. For pelvic floor dysfunction following gynecological malignancy surgery, collagen injection therapy provides an effective non-surgical option for managing urinary incontinence. The integration of imaging findings and clinical evaluations is essential to developing personalized treatment strategies. MRI is particularly valuable for post-treatment assessment, ensuring the therapy’s success and guiding further interventions if needed. 7 Reconstruction Strategies for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 7.1 Principles of pelvic floor reconstruction after gynecological surgeries Reconstruction of the pelvic floor following gynecological surgeries is a critical component in the management of pelvic floor dysfunction, particularly after extensive procedures such as pelvic exenteration. The primary goal of reconstruction is to restore the anatomical and functional integrity of the pelvic floor, which is often compromised during oncologic surgeries aimed at achieving negative margins (Loverro et al., 2024). This involves a multidisciplinary approach that integrates various specialties to address the complex needs of the patient, including the restoration of urinary, gastrointestinal, and sexual functions (Gleason, 2021). The principles of reconstruction emphasize the importance of individualized care plans that consider the patient's overall health, cancer prognosis, and personal preferences to optimize quality of life post-surgery (Marcu et al., 2023). The complexity of pelvic floor reconstruction is heightened by the need to manage the psychological and emotional impacts of such radical surgeries. Patients often face significant challenges, including changes in body image and sexual function, which necessitate comprehensive support systems and counseling as part of the reconstruction strategy (Bodean et al., 2018). Additionally, the integration of advanced surgical planning tools, such as 3D surgical anatomy models, can enhance the precision and outcomes of reconstructive procedures (Loverro et al., 2024). 7.2 Techniques for muscle repair, nerve regeneration, and tissue engineering Techniques for muscle repair, nerve regeneration, and tissue engineering are pivotal in the reconstruction of the pelvic floor. Muscle repair often involves the use of autologous tissue grafts or synthetic materials to reinforce weakened pelvic muscles, thereby restoring structural support and function (Loverro et al., 2024). Nerve regeneration is another critical aspect, as nerve damage during surgery can lead to significant dysfunction. Techniques such as nerve grafting and the use of neurotrophic factors are being explored to enhance nerve recovery and improve functional outcomes (McConnell et al., 2020). Tissue engineering offers innovative solutions for pelvic floor reconstruction, utilizing biomaterials and scaffolds to promote tissue regeneration and repair. These approaches aim to create a supportive environment for cell growth and integration, potentially improving the durability and effectiveness of reconstructive efforts (Loverro et al., 2024). The application of these advanced techniques requires careful consideration of the patient's specific needs and the extent of tissue damage, ensuring that the chosen methods align with the overall goals of reconstruction and rehabilitation (White and Rose, 2023). 7.3 Emerging trends Emerging trends in pelvic floor reconstruction include the use of stem cell therapy and 3D-printed implants, which hold promise for enhancing the outcomes of traditional reconstructive techniques. Stem cell therapy is being
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