International Journal of Clinical Case Reports, 2025, Vol.15, No.1, 34-43 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijccr 34 Feature Review Open Access The Current Status of Diagnosis and Treatment and Reconstruction Strategies for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction After Gynecological Malignancy Surgery FengxiaXu Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100000, Beijing, China Corresponding email: nursexu525@163.com International Journal of Clinical Case Reports 2025, Vol.15, No.1 doi: 10.5376/ijccr.2025.15.0004 Received: 15 Dec, 2024 Accepted: 25 Jan., 2025 Published: 08 Feb., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Xu, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Xu F.X., 2025, The current status of diagnosis and treatment and reconstruction strategies for pelvic floor dysfunction after gynecological malignancy surgery, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports, 15(1): 34-43 (doi: 10.5376/ijccr.2025.15.0004) Abstract This study systematically analyzes the pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic methods, current treatment strategies, and reconstruction techniques for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction (PFD). It also explores the practical application of treatment and reconstruction through a case analysis. The case of a 78-year-old woman receiving periurethral collagen injection therapy for urinary incontinence highlights the value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in evaluating collagen distribution and treatment efficacy. Post-treatment, the patient experienced significant symptom improvement and enhanced quality of life. The study finds that extensive surgeries, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy can cause pelvic anatomical and functional damage. While non-surgical methods such as physical therapy and biofeedback, as well as surgical interventions, have achieved some success in alleviating symptoms, challenges remain in early diagnosis and intervention due to the lack of systematic screening and comprehensive management. This study emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and personalized treatment, advocating for the integration of pelvic floor rehabilitation into standard survivorship care plans. The incorporation of innovative technologies such as stem cell therapy and 3D-printed implants is also recommended to optimize therapeutic outcomes. Keywords Gynecological malignancies; Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD); Postoperative care; Personalized reconstruction; Multidisciplinary collaboration 1 Introduction Gynecological malignancies, including endometrial, cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancers, often necessitate surgical interventions such as hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and other procedures that can significantly impact the pelvic floor (Wang et al., 2024). These surgeries, while life-saving, frequently lead to Pelvic Floor Dysfunction (PFD), which encompasses a range of disorders such as urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and fecal incontinence (Opławski et al., 2021; Lakomy et al., 2022). The prevalence of PFD is notably higher in gynecologic cancer survivors compared to the general female population, with symptoms like stress urinary incontinence and dyspareunia being common post-treatment complications (Ramaseshan et al., 2017; Gao et al., 2024). Addressing PFD in patients who have undergone surgery for gynecological malignancies is crucial due to its profound impact on quality of life. PFD can lead to significant physical discomfort, psychological distress, and social embarrassment, thereby affecting the overall well-being of survivors (Bretschneider et al., 2018; Brennen et al., 2020; Cyr et al., 2020). Effective management of PFD is essential not only for improving physical health outcomes but also for enhancing sexual function and health-related quality of life, which are often compromised following cancer treatment (Huffman et al., 2016). The integration of pelvic floor rehabilitation and other therapeutic interventions into survivorship care plans is vital for addressing these issues and supporting the long-term health of cancer survivors (Gleason, 2021; Marcu et al., 2023). This study aims to evaluate the current status of diagnosis, treatment, and reconstruction strategies for pelvic floor dysfunction following gynecological malignancy surgery by synthesizing existing research. It seeks to identify effective interventions and highlight research gaps in the current literature that require further exploration. The goal is to provide a comprehensive analysis that guides clinicians in developing integrated care strategies prioritizing quality of life and functional recovery, ultimately contributing to improved survivorship care for this patient population.
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