International Journal of Clinical Case Reports, 2025, Vol.15, No.1, 12-23 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijccr 14 3.2 Nutritional support Nutritional support plays a vital role in the care of dementia patients, as malnutrition is a common issue that can exacerbate cognitive decline and physical health problems. Integrative reviews highlight the importance of tailored nutritional interventions that consider the patient-caregiver dyad and the broader context of care. Studies have shown that dietary and nutritional interventions, when combined with other nursing care strategies, can significantly improve cognitive function, self-care ability, and overall quality of life in elderly patients with dementia (Liu et al., 2023). These findings underscore the need for updated guidelines and continuous assessment to ensure that nutritional care is effectively integrated into the overall care plan for dementia patients (Moreno-Fergusson et al., 2023). 3.3 Cognitive training Cognitive training, including reminiscence therapy, games, and social activities, is an essential component of integrated care for dementia patients. Nurse-led nonpharmacological interventions have been shown to improve cognitive function, although the effectiveness varies depending on the type and complexity of the intervention. Reminiscence therapy and other cognitive training activities can help stimulate cognitive function and provide emotional and social benefits, contributing to a better quality of life for dementia patients (Suh et al., 2022). Additionally, comprehensive nursing interventions that include cognitive training have been found to significantly improve MMSE scores, further supporting the value of these activities in dementia care (Guohon, 2015). 3.4 Emotional management and psychological care Emotional management and psychological care are critical components of comprehensive nursing interventions for dementia patients. Emotional interventions often include behavioral therapy and social support, which have been shown to significantly impact the well-being of both patients and their caregivers. Behavioral therapy, such as the Evidence Integration Triangle for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (EIT-4-BPSD), has been implemented to assist care community staff in using evidence-based approaches to manage behavioral symptoms effectively (Resnick et al., 2021). Additionally, integrating social support into interventions has been found to improve neuropsychiatric symptoms, physical function, and quality of life among elderly residents in nursing homes (Behrendt et al., 2023). Psychosocial interventions, including psychoeducation and multicomponent approaches, have demonstrated small-to-moderate effects on reducing caregiver burden, depression, and anxiety, thereby enhancing the overall care environment (Teahan et al., 2020; Walter and Pinquart, 2020). 3.5 Environmental optimization Optimizing the environment for dementia patients is essential to reduce disorientation and anxiety. Creating safe, comfortable, and easily recognizable settings can significantly enhance the quality of life for these individuals. Environmental and policy assessments, as part of the EIT-4-BPSD strategy, have been shown to help staff establish person-centered care plans that cater to the specific needs of dementia patients (Resnick et al., 2021). Moreover, interventions aimed at improving the nursing care of people with dementia in hospitals emphasize the importance of individualized care and responsive behavior management, which are crucial for creating a supportive environment (Moody et al., 2023). These strategies not only improve patient outcomes but also enhance the experiences of nurses working with dementia patients. 3.6 Family care education Family care education is a vital aspect of comprehensive nursing interventions for dementia patients. Training family caregivers with coping strategies and emergency measures can alleviate the high levels of strain they experience, especially at the end of life. Structured psychoeducational programs tailored to the specific needs of family caregivers have been recommended to provide ongoing support and improve their ability to manage care effectively (Gonella et al., 2021). Case management interventions have also been shown to reduce caregiver burden and improve their well-being by providing more community services and reducing overall healthcare costs (Reilly et al., 2015; Saragih et al., 2021). Additionally, psychosocial interventions have been found to have a positive impact on carer outcomes, including reducing depression and improving general health (Teahan et al.,
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