International Journal of Clinical Case Reports 2024, Vol.14, No.6, 312-326 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijccr 3.2 Modern analytical technologies for detecting the components of Xanthoceras Sorbifolia oil Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil contains complex chemical components, thus requiring advanced analytical techniques to characterize it in detail. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is one of the commonly used methods for analyzing the fatty acid composition in oils. This technique can accurately identify and quantify various fatty acids, including both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, providing crucial technical support for the in-depth study of Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil. In addition to GC-MS, other analytical methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been employed to study the microstructure of the oil extraction process. SEM provides detailed images of the seed kernel's surface, helping to understand how different extraction methods affect the cellular structure and, consequently, the oil yield and quality (Li et al., 2013). Furthermore, transcriptome analysis has been used to identify key genes involved in oil biosynthesis. This approach involves sequencing and de novo assembly of the yellowhorn genome to produce a comprehensive genomic resource. By identifying pathways and key genes related to oil accumulation, researchers can better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying oil production and potentially improve the yield and quality of the oil through genetic manipulation (Liu et al., 2014). 3.3 Impact of extraction methods on the oil's quality The quality of Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil is influenced by the extraction method used. Traditional solvent extraction methods, while effective, often result in the presence of residual solvents in the final product, which can be harmful if consumed. In contrast, the aqueous enzymatic process assisted by microwave extraction (AEP-ME) offers a greener alternative that avoids the use of harmful solvents. The AEP-ME method has been shown to produce oil with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, which are beneficial for cardiovascular health. The oil extracted using this method contains approximately 91.18% unsaturated fatty acids, including oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and linolenic acid (C18:3) (Li et al., 2013). These fatty acids are known for their antioxidant properties and ability to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the physicochemical properties of the oil, such as acid value and antioxidant activity, are also important indicators of quality. The oil extracted using AEP-ME has been found to have low acid levels (0.52 mg KOH/g), which is desirable for both food and medicinal applications (Ruan et al., 2017). The high antioxidant activity of the oil further enhances its value as a health-promoting ingredient. The choice of extraction method significantly impacts the yield, composition, and quality of Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil. Modern techniques such as AEP-ME not only improve extraction efficiency but also ensure the production of high-quality oil with beneficial health properties. Advanced analytical technologies like GC-MS and transcriptome analysis play a crucial role in characterizing the oil and understanding the underlying mechanisms of oil biosynthesis, paving the way for future improvements in both extraction methods and oil quality. 4 Antioxidant properties of Xanthoceras Sorbifoliaoil 4.1 Mechanisms of antioxidation Xanthoceras sorbifolia oil exhibits significant antioxidant properties, primarily attributed to its rich composition of unsaturated fatty acids, phenolic compounds, and tocopherols. The high content of monounsaturated fatty acids, particularly oleic acid and nervonic acid, plays a crucial role in its antioxidative mechanisms (Zheng et al., 2022). These fatty acids are known to enhance the stability of cell membranes and protect against oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals. Additionally, the presence of phenolic compounds, such as catechin, epicatechin, myricetin, and dihydromyricetin, contributes to the oil's ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevent lipid peroxidation (Zhang et al., 2015) 316 .
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNQ==