International Journal of Clinical Case Reports 2024, Vol.14, No.5, 262-275 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijccr 272 potential to regulate ferroptosis and neurovascular pathways also opens up new avenues for treating hypertension and preventing ischemic stroke, making it a valuable addition to the therapeutic arsenal (Zhang et al., 2022). In conclusion, the combination of Eucommia ulmoides with other herbs shows promising synergistic effects in preclinical studies, which could translate into more effective and holistic treatment options for hypertension in clinical practice. Further research and clinical trials are needed to fully understand the mechanisms and optimize the use of these combination therapies for better patient outcomes. 9 Concluding Remarks Eucommia ulmoides (EU) has demonstrated significant hypotensive effects through various mechanisms. Studies have shown that EU can reduce blood pressure by regulating the gut microbiota, particularly by enriching the Parabacteroides strain, which helps in reducing inflammatory cytokines. The lignans and iridoids in EU have been identified as key components in lowering blood pressure, with lignans showing a dose-dependent effect on blood pressure reduction and influencing the nitric oxide (NO) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Additionally, EU has been found to improve renal hemodynamics and reduce oxidative stress, which contributes to its antihypertensive effects. The extract has also been shown to be safe and effective in reducing systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The potential applications of Eucommia ulmoides in managing hypertension are promising. Its ability to modulate the gut microbiota and reduce inflammation suggests that it could be used as a natural supplement to conventional antihypertensive therapies. The lignans in EU, which directly relax arteries and regulate NO and RAS, could be developed into targeted treatments for hypertension. Furthermore, the improvement in renal hemodynamics and reduction in oxidative stress by EU components like geniposidic acid indicate its potential use in preventing hypertensive renal damage. The broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, further supports its use in comprehensive hypertension management. Future research should focus on clinical trials to validate the antihypertensive effects of Eucommia ulmoides in humans. Investigating the long-term safety and efficacy of EU extracts in diverse populations will be crucial. Additionally, exploring the synergistic effects of EU with other antihypertensive agents could provide insights into combination therapies. Further studies should also aim to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the antihypertensive effects of EU, particularly the role of gut microbiota and specific bioactive compounds like lignans and iridoids. Research into the neuroendocrine-immune regulatory network of EU could uncover new therapeutic targets for hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases. Finally, the development of standardized EU extracts with consistent bioactive compound concentrations will be essential for its therapeutic application. By integrating these findings and directions, Eucommia ulmoides holds significant potential as a natural and effective treatment for hypertension, warranting further exploration and development. Acknowledgments The authors extend sincere thanks to two anonymous peer reviewers for their feedback on the manuscript. Funding This research was fiinded by agrant from the Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Talent Special Project (No. 2023-02 and 2024-02),, National High Tech nology Research and Development Program of China (“863” Program) [grant number 2013AA102605-05], National Natural Science Foundation of China [30660146 and 31660076], Talent Base for Germplasm Resources Utilization and Innovation of Characteristic Plant in Guizhou (RCJD2018-14). Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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