International Journal of Clinical Case Reports 2024, Vol.14, No.4, 175-188 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijccr 175 Review Article Open Access Management of Diabetes Complications Based on Clinical Cases: Current Status and Prospects Shanshan Shi *, Yongkang Huang*, Qi Wang, Jiang Zhu College of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, 163000, Heilongjiang, China Corresponding author: hydzhujiang@126.com * These authors contributed equally to this work International Journal of Clinical Case Reports 2024, Vol.14, No.4 doi: 10.5376/ijccr.2024.14.0019 Received: 16 May, 2024 Accepted: 20 Jun., 2024 Published: 06 Jul., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Shi et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Shi S.S., Huang Y.K., Wang Q., and Zhu J., 2024, Management of diabetes complications based on clinical cases: current status and prospects, International Journal of Clinical Case Reports, 14(4): 175-188 (doi: 10.5376/ijccr.2024.14.0019) Abstract The management of diabetes complications remains a critical aspect of diabetes care, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of current practices and future prospects. This study synthesizes findings from various clinical cases to evaluate the current status and potential advancements in managing diabetes complications; highlights the importance of multidisciplinary approaches, technological innovations, and personalized treatment strategies in improving patient outcomes. Key areas of focus include the integration of diabetes technologies such as continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump therapy, the role of self-management education, and the impact of social determinants of health on diabetes care. The findings underscore the need for ongoing research and the development of tailored interventions to address the diverse needs of diabetes patients, ultimately aiming to reduce the burden of diabetes complications and enhance quality of life. Keywords Diabetes management; Complications; Technology; Self-management; Personalized treatment 1 Introduction Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide and remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths (Basu et al., 2019; García-Aranda and Redondo, 2019; Hu et al., 2023). In 2020 alone, there were an estimated 2.3 million new cases and 685 000 deaths attributed to breast cancer globally (Luo et al., 2022). Historically, the treatment of breast cancer has relied heavily on surgery, radiation, and systemic therapies such as chemotherapy and hormone therapy. These conventional treatments have significantly improved patient outcomes, yet challenges such as tumor heterogeneity, treatment resistance, and disease recurrence persist (Basu et al., 2019; Venetis et al., 2020). Effective management of diabetes is crucial not only for controlling blood glucose levels but also for preventing the myriad complications associated with the disease. Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to both microvascular and macrovascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases, and stroke (Laddha et al., 2019; Paul et al., 2020). These complications significantly contribute to the high morbidity and mortality rates observed among patients with diabetes. Moreover, the economic burden of managing diabetes and its complications is substantial, further emphasizing the need for effective therapeutic strategies (Tan et al., 2019; Paul et al., 2020). Various therapeutic approaches, including pharmacological interventions, lifestyle modifications, and novel drug delivery systems, have been explored to mitigate these complications and improve patient outcomes (Jud and Sourij, 2019; Zhao et al., 2020). This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current status and future prospects in the management of diabetes complications based on clinical cases; synthesizes the latest research findings on the pathophysiology of diabetes complications, the molecular mechanisms involved, and the therapeutic strategies employed to manage these complications. By examining clinical case studies, this study highlights the practical applications of these therapeutic approaches and identifies potential areas for future research. The scope includes an analysis of conventional and emerging treatments, the role of natural products and dietary
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