Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, 2025, Vol.13, No.6, 275-286 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/cge 278 participation (Na et al., 2025). These tools have undergone cross-cultural validation in different populations, with relatively high reliability, sensitivity and accuracy, and can effectively distinguish lymphedema from other postoperative problems (Lippi et al., 2023; Gulteki et al., 2025; Shen et al., 2025). In addition, some objective functional tests, such as upper limb function tests (ULIFT), grip strength measurements, and joint range of motion assessment, can also provide supplementary information to help determine the specific extent to which arm function is affected. 4 Nursing Intervention Measures 4.1 Risk education, skin care and behavioral guidance Popularizing risk knowledge well is the first step in preventing and dealing with lymphedema on the same arm after breast cancer surgery. Whether in the hospital, at home, or through online platforms, systematically and repeatedly explaining nursing knowledge to patients can help them better learn the relevant content, develop the habit of self-care, and enable them to detect symptoms earlier. For example, using tools like wechat for online nursing follow-up or formulating home care plans, as long as the number of follow-ups is sufficient and can be adjusted according to the patient's own condition, the occurrence rate of lymphedema can be reduced (Yang et al., 2023). These popular science contents are often made into handbooks or videos, which also contain interactive sections to help patients understand what risk factors are, what their early manifestations are, and how to prevent them. At the same time, patients' educational level, economic status and other factors will also affect their learning outcomes. Therefore, the methods of popular science should be in line with individual circumstances and convenient for patients to use (Li et al., 2025; Yao et al., 2025). Taking good care of the skin and developing good behavioral habits are also very crucial. Nurses will remind patients to keep their skin clean, prevent infections (such as cellulitis), and avoid worsening symptoms. Specifically, this includes keeping the skin moist, treating small wounds in time, and not squeezing or injuring the affected arm (Yang et al., 2023; Choi and Chang, 2024). Behavioral guidance also includes maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding exposure of the arm to overly cold or hot stimuli, and trying not to lift heavy objects or perform repetitive forceful movements with the affected arm. Meanwhile, providing psychological comfort and regular follow-up can make patients more cooperative with the treatment, reduce anxiety and facilitate recovery (Yang et al., 2023; Li et al., 2025). Most current studies suggest that combining multi-faceted popular science with behavioral adjustment can not only reduce the risk of lymphedema, but also improve the quality of life and satisfaction of patients (Yao et al., 2025). 4.2 Upper limb function exercises and exercise programs Arm movements have a significant rehabilitation effect on lymphedema. Under the guidance of professionals, starting exercise arrangements with gradually increasing intensity as early as possible, such as stretching, joint movement, strength training, aerobic exercise, etc., can help patients restore the normal use of their arms, reduce swelling and prevent the condition from worsening (Liu et al., 2024; Giron et al., 2025; Rodrigues et al., 2025). Formulating exercise arrangements based on the patient's own condition can not only improve the mobility of the arm, enhance muscle strength, make daily life more convenient, but also reduce swelling and related discomfort (Wu et al., 2025). It should be noted that doing moderate to high-intensity strength training under the supervision of professionals is both safe and effective. Compared with low-intensity exercise, it is usually more conducive to the recovery of arm function (Ramirez-Parada et al., 2025; Zhang et al., 2025). The exercise plan should be adjusted in combination with the patient's surgical method, medical history and physical condition, and also arranged according to the actual situation. Nurses and rehabilitation therapists jointly formulate plans, closely monitor the training situation of patients throughout the process, ensure that the exercise intensity gradually increases, and prevent patients from overworking. Teaching patients the correct movements and the methods to observe changes in their bodies is the key to ensuring the safety of training and enabling patients to persist in exercising for a long time. Digital health tools such as remote rehabilitation and online tracking systems can further improve patients' exercise cooperation and support real-time adjustment of training
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