Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, 2025, Vol.13, No.3, 126-135 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/cge 133 methods (such as using them together with immunotherapy), and also gain an in-depth understanding of why tumors develop drug resistance. Only in this way can the treatment effect for patients with advanced colorectal cancer be better. Acknowledgments The author extends their sincere thanks to anonymous peer reviewers for their feedback on the initial draft of this study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. 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