Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, 2025, Vol.13, No.1, 32-40 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/cge 35 4.3 The role of multi-omics methods in biomarker discovery Many studies combine genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics data for analysis. This method, called "multi-omics", is particularly useful in finding new markers for cervical cancer. It can help us understand the molecular characteristics of tumors more comprehensively and also help find new therapeutic targets. Some studies have combined genetic data with immunohistochemistry results to find new targets suitable for immunotherapy (Kim et al., 2023). Other gene expression analyses have found some possible combined treatment targets, such as genes involved in DNA damage repair and genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (Roszik et al., 2018). 5 The Impact of Genotyping on the Selection of Targeted Therapy 5.1 How genotyping guides personalized drug regimens Genotyping plays a big role in developing personalized drug regimens for cervical cancer. It can find mutations in certain genes, and these mutations can be "targeted" by targeted drugs. Through genetic analysis, doctors can find mutations in PIK3CA, PTEN, or ERBB2 in patients (Crowley et al., 2021; Huang et al., 2021; Friedman et al., 2023). With this information, doctors can choose more appropriate and more likely to be effective drugs. If patients have PIK3CA mutations, they usually have longer disease-free progression time and overall survival time after treatment with targeted drugs (Figure 2) (Huang et al., 2021). Patients with high tumor mutation burden (TMB) also respond better to immunotherapy (Huang et al., 2021; Kim et al., 2023). Figure 2 Kaplan-Meier curves of progression-free survival in patients with PIK3CA mutations and wild type (A); PTEN alteration and wild type (C), and ERBB3 mutations and wild type (E); Kaplan-Meier curves of overall survival in patients with PIK3CA mutations and wild type (B); PTEN alteration and wild type (D), and ErbB3 mutations and wild type (F) (Adopted from Huang et al., 2021) 5.2 Successful cases of genotype-specific treatment in cervical cancer During the treatment of cervical cancer, some patients received more targeted treatment based on gene mutations and achieved good results. People with PIK3CA and PTEN mutations had better disease control after using drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT pathway (Huang et al., 2021). There were also patients with PTEN mutations who had their disease controlled for more than 6 months after using the drug everolimus (Sawada et al., 2021).
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