Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics 2024, Vol.12, No.1, 8-14 http://www.medscipublisher.com/index.php/cge 8 Research Report Open Access The Etiology and Epidemiology Exploration of Cervical Cancer Rain Wang, Kendra Ding, Jessi Zhang Zhuji Xiongcheng Jianmin Med. Ltd., Zhuji, 31180, China Corresponding author email: jessi.j.zhang@foxmail.com Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, 2024, Vol.12, No.1 doi: 10.5376/cge.2024.12.0002 Received: 23 Nov., 2023 Accepted: 29 Dec., 2023 Published: 08 Jan., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Wang et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Wang R., Ding K., and Zhang J., 2024, The etiology and epidemiology exploration of cervical cancer, Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, 12(1): 8-14 (doi: 10.5376/cge.2024.12.0002) Abstract Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy that predominantly affects young women, posing serious threats to women's health and lives. Studies in etiology and epidemiology have revealed the relationship between HPV infection and cervical cancer, marking a significant breakthrough in its prevention and treatment. HPV vaccines and screening technologies have been widely applied in clinical practice, substantially reducing the incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer. Furthermore, research has identified associations between cervical cancer occurrence and development with factors such as smoking, high-fat diets, and vitamin deficiencies. To enhance the treatment effectiveness and prevention of cervical cancer, China needs to bolster fundamental research and clinical practice. In future studies, China should further explore other factors associated with cervical cancer and devise corresponding treatment and prevention strategies. Strengthening fundamental research and clinical practice to improve treatment effectiveness and prevention levels constitutes a crucial task for the present and future. The purpose of this review is to foster a better understanding of cervical cancer, its etiology, and contributing factors, contributing to cervical cancer treatment and prevention efforts while drawing greater attention to women's health. Keywords Cervical cancer; HPV infection; Etiology; Epidemiology Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women and a significant global women's health issue according to statistics from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, approximately 500 000 women worldwide die from cervical cancer each year. In developing countries, cervical cancer remains a leading cause of female mortality. Although the mortality rate from cervical cancer has significantly decreased in developed nations, there still exists a notable incidence and mortality rate. Hence, studying the etiology and epidemiology of cervical cancer holds crucial significance in devising better preventive and therapeutic strategies. The occurrence of cervical cancer is associated with various factors, primarily the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Additionally, other elements such as genetic predisposition, long-term contraceptive use, early onset of sexual activity, multiple pregnancies, smoking, among others, can influence cervical cancer development. Therefore, exploring the etiology of cervical cancer can deepen our understanding of its pathogenesis, facilitating the search for new treatment and prevention approaches. Epidemiological studies of cervical cancer are equally vital. Disparities in cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates across different regions and populations are linked to socio-economic factors, educational levels, and healthcare services. Understanding the patterns of cervical cancer epidemiology can assist in formulating more targeted preventive and treatment strategies. Research into cervical cancer holds significant importance concerning health issues, prevention and control, etiological investigations, early diagnosis, and treatment. Continual in-depth research enables better comprehension and management of this serious public health concern. By thoroughly investigating the etiology and epidemiology of cervical cancer, we can provide more accurate and effective strategies for prevention and control, ultimately reducing its incidence and mortality rates, and make contributions to women's health and social development. This review aims to explore the etiology and epidemiology of cervical cancer, providing readers with comprehensive insights to better understand its mechanisms and patterns. This understanding serves as a basis for scientifically informed preventive and treatment strategies.
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