Medicinal Plant Research 2025, Vol.15, No.6, 244-253 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 245 writing styles are used in ginseng papers (Shin et al., 2021; Ito and Ito, 2024). This lack of research limits our understanding of how scientific ideas are expressed and shared, especially in different languages and cultures. This study aims to explore the scientific vocabulary and rhetorical patterns used in ginseng research, focusing on their linguistic features and expressions in scientific communication. It uses a linguistic analysis framework and corpus-based methods to identify typical word choices and rhetorical strategies in scientific writing about ginseng. The study also compares language differences across disciplines and linguistic systems, analyzing how these differences affect academic communication and knowledge dissemination. The findings are expected to provide insights for linguistic studies and offer guidance for scientific writing in the field of ginseng, promoting clearer and more effective international academic exchange. 2 Theoretical Framework and Methodology 2.1 Theoretical basis Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), founded by Halliday and later developed by other scholars, provides a comprehensive framework for analyzing scientific discourse. This theory views language as a resource for constructing meaning in specific social contexts and highlights three main functions of language: ideational, interpersonal, and textual. Through these three functions, we can analyze how scientific texts build knowledge, create relationships, and organize information. This approach is useful for studying textual patterns, grammatical resources, and disciplinary conventions in scientific writing (Hao, 2020). Therefore, it is very suitable for exploring the lexical and rhetorical patterns in ginseng research papers. Swales’ (2014) genre analysis theory, especially his influential “Create a Research Space” (CARS) model, provides theoretical support for academic discourse studies. This model identifies the communicative purposes and rhetorical steps in research papers, showing how authors use rhetorical strategies to establish a research field, point out research gaps, and occupy a research niche. Swales’ framework has become an important foundation in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and discourse analysis, offering a systematic approach to studying the structure and function of scientific texts (Swales, 2014; Fonseca et al., 2022). Applying genre analysis to ginseng research helps identify the shared academic conventions in scientific communication and the unique disciplinary features of this field. 2.2 Corpus and data sources The corpus of this study mainly consists of academic texts about ginseng research, including English peer-reviewed journal articles, theses, and international conference papers. All the materials focus on topics such as pharmacology, botany, and clinical studies of ginseng. During selection, the academic influence, research depth, and linguistic representativeness of each text were considered to ensure that the corpus reflects the main issues in modern ginseng studies and shows diversity in research traditions and writing styles (Larsen et al., 2019). The corpus was built through systematic collection, organization, and annotation of selected papers. The text preprocessing steps included removing formatting, tokenization, normalization, and handling multi-word expressions to prepare for later analysis. These steps are important for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of linguistic analysis, as they directly affect the quality of keyword extraction, part-of-speech tagging, and structural annotation (Lutskiv and Popovych, 2019; Dai, 2022; Chai, 2023). In addition, the preprocessing methods were adjusted according to the characteristics of scientific texts in the ginseng field (Chai, 2023). 2.3 Analytical approaches and techniques At the lexical level, tools such as AntConc and Sketch Engine can be used for quantitative analysis. These tools identify high-frequency words, keywords, collocations, and lexical bundles, helping to reveal the thematic focus and stylistic features of ginseng research papers. The choice of tool depends on the required functions, data format, and depth of analysis. Both provide strong support for corpus-based linguistic research (Zhang and Pan, 2020). In terms of rhetorical analysis, the study labels sections such as introduction, methods, results, and discussion to identify rhetorical moves and communicative functions. Based on Swales’ genre analysis framework, an annotation system is built. Structured annotation helps examine how scientific arguments are constructed and how
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNA==