Medicinal Plant Research 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 71-79 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 77 promotion of its classical uses and modern pharmacological benefits can be employed to raise its demand in domestic and international markets (Yang et al., 2020). 8 Concluding Remarks The project has been successful in establishing an efficient off-season cultivation technology of Leonurus japonicus by leveraging advanced environmental control technology. This project is targeted at standardizing cultivation practices in an attempt to improve the yield and quality of Leonurus japonicus. By adopting rigorous land screening, scientific fertilization, and green pest management, the project establishes a model of GAP agriculture that effectively lowers toxic heavy metal content and optimizes plant life cycle. Follow-up research studies need to be conducted for refining the environment control parameters for further enhancement of off-season cultivation efficiency. Research on the convergence of smart agriculture technology like IoT-based monitoring platforms can prove useful in the generation of real-time feedbacks for the optimization of the growth conditions. Biotechnology technologies can aid in genetic improvement of Leonurus japonicus to produce more productive and healthy varieties in controlled environments. Industrialization of Leonurus japonicus's off-season production is of great potential for sustainable development. With the standardized techniques developed in this study, the farmers can have constant high-quality production, which is a prerequisite to meet the needs of the market. Moreover, the sustainable agriculture being followed here, comprising pollution-free pest control and best utilization of resources, is harmoniously well connected with the global trend towards eco-friendly agriculture. This technique not only supports the economic viability of Leonurus japonicus cultivation but also assists with additional goals of sustainable agricultural progress. Acknowledgments We would like to express our heartfelt thanks to all the teachers who have provided guidance for this study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Ahmed N., Zhang B., Deng L., Bozdar B., Li J., Chachar S., Chachar Z., Jahan I., Talpur A., Gishkori M., Hayat F., and Tu P., 2024, Advancing horizons in vegetable cultivation: a journey from age-old practices to high-tech greenhouse cultivation-a review, Frontiers in Plant Science, 15: 1357153. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1357153 De Carlo A., Tarraf W., Lambardi M., and Benelli C., 2021, Temporary immersion system for production of biomass and bioactive compounds from medicinal plants, Agronomy, 11(12): 2414. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122414 Dsouza A., Dixon M., Shukla M., and Graham T., 2025, Harnessing controlled-environment systems for enhanced production of medicinal plants, Journal of Experimental Botany, 76(1): 76-93. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae248 Du B., Zhang X., Shi N., Peng T., Gao J., Azimova B., Zhang R., Pu D., Wang C., Abduvaliev A., Rakhmanov A., Zhang G., Xiao W., and Wang F., 2020, Luteolin-7-methylether fromLeonurus japonicus inhibits estrogen biosynthesis in human ovarian granulosa cells by suppression of aromatase (CYP19), European Journal of Pharmacology, 882: 173154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173154 Garran T., Ji R., Chen J., Xie D., Guo L., Huang L., and Lai C., 2019, Elucidation of metabolite isomers of Leonurus japonicus and Leonurus cardiaca using discriminating metabolite isomerism strategy based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Journal of Chromatography A, 1598: 141-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.059 Kaushik R.A., and Ameta K.D., 2014, Protected horticulture in peri-urban areas: an alternative for meeting future challenges of malnutrition and livelihood security, The Security of Water, Food, Energy and Liveability of Cities, Water Science and Technology Library, 71: 283-290. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8878-6_21 Krishna H., Hebbar S., Kumar P., Sharma S., Kumar R., Tiwari S.K., Maurya S., Srivastava K., Pal G., Bahadur A., and Behera T.K., 2024, Navigating challenges and prospects in off-season vegetable production, Vegetable Science, 51(1): 97-105. https://doi.org/10.61180/vegsci.2024.v51.spl.09
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