Medicinal Plant Research 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 62-70 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 68 7.3 Analysis of ecological and economic benefits By eliminating viral diseases through integrated detoxification technology, chemical pesticide application is significantly reduced. This green approach reduces soil and water pollution, lowers input costs, and conserves biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems (Gulzar et al., 2020). Detoxified seedlings are healthier and more productive and disease-resistant, an immediate increase in farmer revenue through reduced loss of production. In addition, the quality of Lindera aggregata products increases, which augments market value, ensuring economic sustainability in the long term for cultivation and processing investors (Loyola-Vargas and Ochoa-Alejo, 2018). 8 Challenges and Future Directions 8.1 Limitations in technical applications The heat treatment quality among different virus strains is also quite inconsistent since they vary in their heat resistance. Heterogeneity makes it difficult to standardize detoxification processes, particularly in infected plants with a mixed population of viruses (Torres et al., 2000). Strain-specific thermal responses necessitate specially tailored treatments, and this makes operations more complex. Tissue culture techniques have their development to industrial scales marred by issues like risk of contamination, consumption of resources, and poor scope for automation. Despite the advent of bioreactors, human interventions in activities such as explant preparation and transplanting remain the main bottlenecks (Hasnain et al., 2022). 8.2 Directions for technology optimization Developing heat treatment protocols that require less energy inputs, such as lower exposure times or cycling heating, for instance, will enhance sustainability. Meanwhile, the optimization of culture media composition to regenerate tissues at a higher rate and with better seedling quality will reduce cost and increase scalability (Gulzar et al., 2020). The integration of molecular breeding technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, with in-built detoxification technology offers promising avenues towards the production of resistant germplasm. The integration can enhance the efficiency of detoxification mechanisms and create virus-resistant Lindera aggregata cultivars (Loyola-Vargas and Ochoa-Alejo, 2018). 8.3 Future research prospects Characterizing the genetic mechanism of resistance to disease through genome sequencing and transcriptomics will result in identifying the major resistance genes. The information can be utilized to guide molecular marker development for resistance breeding and enhanced detoxification efficiency (Linck et al., 2019; Fang, 2024). Installation of intelligent systems for real-time monitoring and predictive analytics in tissue culture laboratories can optimize growth conditions and reduce human intervention. Emerging automation technologies, such as AI-based bioreactors, have the ability to automate mass seedling propagation (Hasnain et al., 2022). Acknowledgments The authors thank the colleagues and research partners for their support and assistance in literature compilation, data analysis, and other aspects of this study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Cai H., Wang J., Luo Y., Wang F., He G., Zhou G., and Peng X., 2020, Lindera aggregata intervents adenine-induced chronic kidney disease by mediating metabolism and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 134: 111098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111098
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