Medicinal Plant Research 2025, Vol.15, No.1, 12-19 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 17 The farmers need to adopt a flexible fertilization schedule in accordance with the growth phase of the crop, which is rosette stage and post-harvest, in order to get maximum benefits. Also significant is the ability to maintain stalk contribution and flavonoid content because this impacts the overall quality of the herb (Du et al., 2020). 7.3 Potential of agricultural by-products and green fertilizers inLeonurus japonicus cultivation Green manures and crop residues are a good path to Leonurus japonicus sustainable production. To that end, in this study, Ekolist S has been utilized. The principle of increasing the rates of nutrient in a natural manner can be adhered to in the form of organic manures and residues. Not only do they guarantee sustainable plant production but also enhance soil health along with reducing the environmental cost of chemical fertilizers. Follow-up research must explore the efficacy of such green manures in various soils and climatic conditions to provide credible recommendations for their application in cultivation of motherwort (Pitschmann et al., 2017). 8 Concluding Remarks The study on the effect of fertilization practice, i.e., the application of foliar fertilization using Ekolist S, presented outstanding effects on Leonurus japonicus yield and quality. The application of Ekolist S gave plants, where average yield was 85% higher in the first year and 42% in the second year of plant growth compared to control. But the effect on the herb quality, i.e., flavonoid content, was not consistent. There was a general increase in flavonoid content in the first year, while for the second year, particularly for the first harvest, reduced flavonoid content was noted. This reflects an interaction between fertilization, crop growth stage, and the active ingredient content of the final product. Past research has identified some of the limitations and loopholes in data on the degree of influence of fertilization regimes on Leonurus japonicus. Year-to-year and growth stage-to-growth stage difference in the effectiveness of Ekolist S to affect the content of flavonoids demands further investigation into the dynamics involved. The experiment was conducted on loamy soil as well, which may not exactly be the type of soil where Leonurus japonicus is cultivated everywhere. That limits the scope for generalizing the findings to other soils and conditions. In order to advance scientific fertilization management and raise the quality level of Leonurus japonicus production, it will be helpful to the production development of high quality to suggest further research on the interaction between blended fertilizer treatments and environmental conditions. Determining active ingredient concentration and yield variation mechanism by experiment should be conducted. Development of specialized fertilization treatment formulas according to soil type, climate condition, and plant growth phase may be beneficial to the increase in yield and quality. It is important for researchers to collaborate with industry players in an effort to actualize the utilization of science research through striving for the expansion of industry quality. Acknowledgments Special thanks to our colleagues and team members for their cooperation and support. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Aguirre-Medina J., Cadena J., Cadena-Iñiguez J., Arévalo-Galarza M., Rosas-Quijano R., and Gálvez-López D., 2017, Influence of Rhizophagus intraradices and phosphorus fertilization on growth, yield and N P content in grain of Phaseolus vulgaris, Legume Research, 40: 735-740. https://doi.org/10.18805/lr.v0i0.8413 Cai R.R., Zhao L.F., and Suo M.R., 2024, Active essence of Chrysanthemum morifolium: comprehensive study of chemical characteristics and bioactivity, Medicinal Plant Research, 14(1): 45-56. https://doi.org/10.5376/mpr.2024.14.0004 Cai Z., Zhang Y., Zhang X., Li H., and Wei Y., 2018, The therapeutic potential of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. in preventing cardiovascular diseases, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 227: 41-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.010
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