Medicinal Plant Research 2024, Vol.14, No.6, 308-319 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 312 recommended to use well-drained, loamy soil with a neutral to slightly acidic pH to promote optimal growth and flowering. Soil improvement measures such as the incorporation of organic matter can enhance soil structure and fertility, which are essential for the healthy development of peony plants (Zhang et al., 2019a; Wang et al., 2020). Fertilization strategies should focus on providing balanced nutrients to support the growth cycle of 'Hang Baishao'. The use of organic fertilizers, such as compost or well-rotted manure, can supply essential nutrients while improving soil health. Additionally, the application of humic acid has been shown to enhance flowering quality and hasten flowering when combined with chilling treatments (Zhang et al., 2019a). Regular soil testing can guide the adjustment of fertilizer types and application rates to meet the specific nutrient requirements of the plants (Zhang et al., 2017). 4.2 Planting density and field management Optimal planting density is vital for maximizing yield and quality. Research indicates that maintaining an appropriate distance between plants can reduce competition for resources, thereby enhancing growth and flowering performance. Studies have shown that 'Hang Baishao' thrives in conditions where planting density is carefully managed to balance space and resource availability (Zhang et al., 2019b; Wang et al., 2022). Field management practices such as mulching, irrigation, and weed control are essential for maintaining plant health and productivity. Mulching can help retain soil moisture and suppress weeds, while efficient irrigation systems ensure that plants receive adequate water without waterlogging. Regular monitoring and timely interventions are necessary to optimize these management measures and support the robust growth of 'Hang Baishao' (Zhang et al., 2019b; Wang et al., 2022). 4.3 Pest and disease management techniques Common diseases affecting 'Hang Baishao' include fungal infections and root rot, which can be mitigated through proper sanitation and the use of disease-resistant cultivars. Implementing crop rotation and ensuring good air circulation around plants can also help prevent disease outbreaks. Fungicides may be used as a last resort to control severe infections (Meng et al., 2021; Chen et al., 2024). Pests such as aphids and caterpillars can pose significant threats to 'Hang Baishao'. Integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, including the use of biological control agents and cultural practices, are effective in managing pest populations. Regular monitoring and the application of environmentally friendly pesticides can help maintain pest levels below damaging thresholds, ensuring the health and quality of the peony plants (Chen et al., 2024). 4.4 Application of new technologies and methods In the cultivation of 'Hang Baishao', the application of new technologies and methods has achieved remarkable results in improving yield and quality. The integration of genetic and molecular biology approaches has provided deeper insights into the study of chilling requirements for 'Hang Baishao'. Transcriptome sequencing and gene identification have revealed key genes such as SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1) and WRKY DNA-BINDING PROTEIN 33 (WRKY33), which may play significant roles in regulating chilling requirements (Figure 2) (Zhang et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2022b). Understanding these genetic factors can aid in developing novel varieties optimized for chilling requirements, enabling successful cultivation in warmer climates. Combining hybridization techniques to develop new varieties with enhanced adaptability and performance is also a key approach. Hangzhou White Peony, known for its high pollen viability, is considered an excellent male parent, making it highly suitable for breeding programs aimed at improving traits such as flowering time and stress resistance (Zhang et al., 2019a). Furthermore, applying multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods allows for the evaluation and selection of varieties that perform best under different climatic conditions, ensuring that cultivated plants achieve the highest adaptability and performance (Zhang et al., 2019b).
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNA==