Medicinal Plant Research 2024, Vol.14, No.6, 320-333 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 328 6.3 Economic feasibility study of large-scale G. lucidumproduction G. lucidumis widely used in traditional Asian medicine for treating conditions such as hypertension, hepatitis, and cancer (Abdullah et al., 2020; Xiong et al., 2023). Its demand continues to grow in the global health market. However, traditional solid-phase cultivation of G. lucidumtakes up to six months, is economically costly, and is prone to contamination, making large-scale commercial production unfeasible. Araque et al. (2020) conducted a large-scale simulation of liquid fermentation for G. lucidumexopolysaccharides (EPS) using SuperPro Designer software to evaluate its economic feasibility. The results showed that the bioreactor volume significantly impacts production costs. In a 2-cubic-meter bioreactor, the cost per gram of product was $6.82, while in a 20-cubic-meter bioreactor, the cost dropped to $0.8 (Figure 3). Although genetically modified strains can increase EPS yields, scaling up production is the key to reducing costs. The study suggests that an optimal bioreactor volume of over 80 cubic meters is needed to achieve economically feasible production and meet market demand. Figure 3 Q x Productivity vs EPS yield YEPS. (a) Volume 2 m3. (b) Volume 20 m3 y (c) Volume 20 m3 (Adopted from Araque et al., 2020) Image caption: The figure shows the impact of different bioreactor volumes and exopolysaccharide (EPS) yields on the production efficiency of Ganoderma lucidum. The figure is divided into three parts, representing the relationship between production efficiency and EPS yield for 2-cubic-meter (a), 20-cubic-meter (b), and 200-cubic-meter (c) reactors. The results indicate that as the reactor volume increases, production costs decrease significantly, with the lowest cost observed in the 200-cubic-meter reactor. At the same time, the effect of EPS yield on costs is relatively small, suggesting that reactor volume is the primary factor in reducing production costs (Adapted from Araque et al., 2020)
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