Medicinal Plant Research 2024, Vol.14, No.6, 308-319 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 316 Figure 4 Sprouting, growth and flowering of potted ‘Hang Baishao’ in glasshouse. (A)-(B): the plants of ‘Hang Baishao’ accepted short chilling duration and painted by 5-azacytidine, then they were partially dwarfed and generated small and abnormal flowers; (C)-(D): immediate sprouting and early-visible flower buds of the “T. *-3” and “T. *-4” plants that were irrigated by GA3; (E): fallen and withered plants of “T. *-3” and “T. *-4”; (F): the flowering landscape of ‘Hang Baishao’ treated by HA and artificial chilling in the group “T. 10-*” in mid-February; (G): highly ornamental properties of one potted plant in mid-February in the subgroup “T. 10-2” treated by four weeks of chilling and 300 mg/L HA, which had clear commercial value as potted or cut-flower for the market of the Chinese Spring or Lantern Festival (Adopted from Zhang et al., 2019a) 7 Future Directions in Cultivation Research 7.1 Prospects for smart agriculture technologies The integration of smart agriculture technologies presents a promising future direction for the cultivation of Paeonia lactiflora 'Hang Baishao'. These technologies, including precision farming tools, IoT-based monitoring systems, and automated irrigation, can significantly enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of peony cultivation (Zhang et al., 2017; Chen et al., 2024). For instance, the use of sensors to monitor soil moisture and nutrient levels can optimize irrigation schedules and fertilizer application, ensuring that plants receive the right amount of water and nutrients at the right time. This can lead to improved plant health and increased yields (Zhang et al., 2019a; Wang et al., 2020). Moreover, the application of data analytics and machine learning algorithms can help in predicting plant growth patterns and identifying potential issues before they become problematic. By analyzing data collected from various sensors and environmental conditions, farmers can make informed decisions to mitigate risks and enhance the overall quality of the peonies. The adoption of these advanced technologies can also reduce labor costs and increase the scalability of peony cultivation, making it more economically viable (Zhang et al., 2019b; Wang et al., 2022a).
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