Medicinal Plant Research 2024, Vol.14, No.4, 210-222 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 217 5.3 Sleep-promoting effects of kiwifruit peel extract Insomnia is one of the most common sleep disorders in modern society, with a large number of adults worldwide suffering from varying degrees of sleep problems. Due to the potential for synthetic sedative-hypnotic drugs like diazepam (DZP) to cause tolerance and dependence, increasing attention has been directed toward natural sleep aids (Kodakan et al., 2018). Studies have found that kiwifruit has significant effects in promoting sleep and improving sleep quality, and it is less likely to cause tolerance compared to common medications (Kim et al., 2022; Kanon et al., 2023). Kim et al. (2022) conducted an experimental analysis of green kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) peel ethanol extract (GKPEE) to explore its potential sleep-promoting effects. Polysomnographic monitoring was conducted on mice to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of GKPEE administration. The results showed that GKPEE, in a dose range of 250-1,000 mg/kg, dose-dependently increased the duration of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) and reduced sleep latency (Figure 4). Compared to the control group, high doses of GKPEE (1,000 mg/kg) significantly shortened sleep onset time, with effects similar to those of diazepam. Notably, GKPEE did not significantly reduce sleep depth, unlike diazepam, indicating a lesser impact on sleep quality. Additionally, results from a 15-day chronic administration test showed that GKPEE did not induce tolerance and had a lasting sleep-promoting effect. Figure 4 Effects of GKPEE and DZP on sleep profiles in mice (Adopted from Kim et al., 2022) Image caption: (a) Examples of EEG/EMG signals and hypnograms in a mouse treated with GKPEE and DZP. (b) Changes in sleep latency by administration of GKPEE and DZP. (c) NREMS and REMS amounts during the 3-hour period following injection of GKPEE and DZP. Columns represent the mean ± SEM of 7–8 mice. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01, are significant compared to the vehicle (Dunnett’s test). DZP, diazepam; EEG, electroencephalogram; EMG, electromyogram; GKPEE, green kiwifruit peel ethanol extract; NS, no significance; REMS, rapid eye movement sleep; NREMS, non-REMS; SEM, standard error of mean; Wake, wakefulness. The results showed that GKPEE at doses of 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg significantly reduced sleep latency and increased the duration of NREMS, with effects similar to those of diazepam, but had no significant effect on REMS. This figure confirms the promoting effect of GKPEE on NREMS, demonstrating its potential as a sleep aid (Adapted from Kim et al., 2022)
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNA==