Medicinal Plant Research 2024, Vol.14, No.4, 180-195 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 188 Sun et al. (2022) investigated the therapeutic effects of E. ulmoides male flower extracts (EUMF) in a zebrafish model of Alzheimer’s disease, focusing particularly on its impact on β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition, the expression of autophagy-related genes, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. The study found that EUMF significantly alleviated AD-like symptoms induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl3) in zebrafish. This was evidenced by a reduction in Aβ plaques in the zebrafish brain, inhibition of AChE activity, and decreased brain cell apoptosis (Figure 4). Additionally, EUMF modulated the expression of autophagy-related genes (such as ambra1a, atg5, ulk1b, and lc3b) and neurotransmitter regulation-related genes (ache and slc6a3), which play critical roles in AD pathology. Figure 3 Parabacteroides strain XGB65 reduces blood pressure. Blood pressure (A) in the XGB65 + HSD, NS + HSD, and NS + ND groups in week 6 and (B) in the XGB65 + HSD and NS + HSD groups from the beginning of the experiment to the end of week 6 (2-week L-NAME treatment, 1-week washout period, XGB65 + HSD treatment from week 4 to week 6). (C) HE staining of kidney tissues in the XGB65 + HSD, NS + HSD, and NS + ND groups (10 ×, scale bars = 100 µm; 40 ×, scale bars = 20 µm) (Adopted from Yan et al., 2022) Image caption: The figure demonstrates the antihypertensive effects and the improvement of kidney inflammation in high-salt diet-induced hypertensive mice treated with Parabacteroides strain XGB65. The results show that compared to the control group, the blood pressure in the XGB65-treated group was significantly reduced, and the expression of IL-17A in the kidneys was also significantly decreased. Histological analysis of the kidneys revealed that pathological damage was improved in the XGB65-treated group. These findings confirm that Parabacteroides strain XGB65 has antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory effects, further supporting the crucial role of gut microbiota in the antihypertensive mechanism of E. ulmoides and highlighting the therapeutic potential of the XGB65 strain (Adapted from Yan et al., 2022)
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