Medicinal Plant Research 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 1-10 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 5 3.3 Hydroponic and soil cultivation modes 3.3.1 Impact of hydroponic and soil cultivation on the growth of Scutellaria baicalensis Hydroponic and soil cultivation are two common modes in the cultivation of Scutellaria baicalensis, employing hydroponic systems and traditional soil cultivation systems, respectively. In the hydroponic system, the plant roots are exposed to water, and growth is achieved through nutrient supply in the water. This mode allows for precise control of nutrient content, favoring the enhancement of medicinal components. Scutellaria baicalensis exhibits faster growth and a more uniform plant structure in hydroponic systems (Geng et al., 2023). In contrast, in the soil cultivation system, plant roots are anchored in the soil, obtaining necessary nutrients for growth from the soil. This mode aligns more with the natural growth pattern of plants. However, compared to hydroponics, soil cultivation mode has a higher reliance on soil quality and structure, which play a crucial role in plant growth. 3.3.2 Comparison of water and soil cultivation in water resource utilization In comparison to soil cultivation, hydroponic cultivation is more water-efficient. In a hydroponic system, water is recycled, while in soil cultivation, water tends to be more susceptible to loss. This presents a certain advantage for the cultivation of Scutellaria baicalensis in arid regions. However, hydroponic cultivation also comes with some challenges, such as the need for additional equipment and energy input, resulting in relatively higher costs. On the other hand, soil cultivation is comparatively cost-effective and exhibits broader adaptability. When choosing between hydroponic and soil cultivation modes, it is essential to consider factors such as water availability, soil quality, and climatic conditions comprehensively. This ensures the optimal balance between ecological responsiveness and yield benefits. 4 Benefits of Scutellaria baicalensis in the Ecological Environment 4.1 Medicinal component content 4.1.1 Impact of different planting modes on medicinal components The medicinal value of Scutellaria baicalensis is primarily attributed to its flavonoid compounds, such as baicalin (10.11%), baicalein (5.41%), wogonoside (3.55%), wogonin (1.3%), and oroxylin A (Liao et al., 2021) (Figure 2). Different planting modes may influence the medicinal component content of Scutellaria baicalensis, thereby affecting its therapeutic effects. Figure 2 The chemical structures of flavonoid inScutellaria baicalensis (Adopted from Liao et al., 2021) Image caption: A: Baicalein, B: Wogonoside, C: Baicalin, D: Wogonin, E: Oroxylin A (Adopted from Liao et al., 2021) In hydroponic cultivation, precise control over nutrient supply may lead to a relatively higher content of baicalein in Scutellaria baicalensis, as suggested by research conducted in hydroponic systems (Grzelka et al., 2023). This
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