Medicinal Plant Research 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 1-10 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 4 3 Impact of Different Planting Modes on the Ecological Environment Response of Scutellaria baicalensis 3.1 Traditional cultivation mode 3.1.1 Advantages and disadvantages of traditional planting methods Traditional cultivation mode is a common method for cultivating Scutellaria baicalensis, and its advantages and disadvantages are reflected in the ecological environment response of Scutellaria baicalensis (Zou et al., 2016). The advantages of traditional planting methods lie in the simplicity and familiarity for farmers, making it easy to operate. Under this approach, Scutellaria baicalensis is typically planted in open fields, utilizing traditional irrigation and fertilization methods. The management under this mode is relatively convenient, and the initial investment is relatively small. However, the traditional cultivation mode also presents potential issues. For instance, there is a high reliance on pesticides and fertilizers, which may lead to soil pollution and ecosystem degradation. Moreover, the traditional planting methods may not optimize soil structure to the fullest extent, affecting the growth of Scutellaria baicalensis and the accumulation of its medicinal components. This has been one of the reasons prompting exploration into more sustainable planting modes in recent years. 3.1.2 Impact on soil structure and quality Under the traditional mode of farming, frequent cultivation of the soil and excessive use of chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers may lead to a decline in soil quality and structural disorders. The residues of pesticides and the excessive use of fertilizers not only affect the diversity and activity of soil microorganisms but may also trigger soil erosion and water pollution. This is a significant concern, particularly for plants like Scutellaria baicalensis, which are sensitive to soil conditions. Changes in soil structure also directly influence water retention and aeration. This can potentially restrict the access of Scutellaria baicalensis to water and nutrients under traditional cultivation methods, thereby impacting its growth and the quality of medicinal components. Therefore, a more scientific approach to soil management is required for Scutellaria baicalensis cultivation under traditional farming practices, aiming to mitigate the declining trend in soil quality. 3.2 Organic farming mode 3.2.1 Adaptability of organic farming to Scutellaria baicalensis Organic farming, as an environmentally friendly agricultural model, has gradually gained attention. In the cultivation of Scutellaria baicalensis, the organic farming mode, compared to traditional methods, emphasizes the protection of the ecological environment and respect for natural ecosystems. Under the organic farming mode, Scutellaria baicalensis undergoes growth without the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers; instead, organic fertilizers and biological control methods are employed. This approach plays a positive role in alleviating soil burdens, enhancing soil biodiversity, and maintaining ecological balance (Yun et al., 2017). The principles and methods of organic farming align more closely with the operating laws of natural ecosystems, making it easier for Scutellaria baicalensis to establish a beneficial interaction with the ecological environment in this mode. 3.2.2 Positive effects of organic farming on the ecological environment Under the organic farming mode, the cultivation of Scutellaria baicalensis is often accompanied by more scientific soil management practices, such as proper crop rotation and the use of green manure. This helps to improve soil structure, enhance soil fertility, and reduce the risk of soil pollution. Organic farming also emphasizes the diversity of ecosystems. Under this mode, various plants may coexist in the fields, increasing the stability of the agricultural ecosystem. This provides a more natural environment for the growth and development of Scutellaria baicalensis, contributing to the maintenance of the richness of its medicinal components.
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