Medicinal Plant Research 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 45-56 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 51 Liu et al. (2020) illustrates the study's workflow analyzing the antidepressant effects of Chrysanthemum morifolium (Chr) and its major components, naringenin (Nar) and apigenin (Api), on a corticosterone-induced depression model. The process involves treating depressed animals with Chr/Nar/Api, followed by the collection of serum and urine samples for physiological index evaluation. Metabolomics analysis using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS is performed to identify biomarkers and related metabolic pathways. The study finds that Chr/Nar/Api influence various metabolic pathways, including tryptophan metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and the citrate cycle, among others. The results suggest that Nar and Api have significant antidepressant effects, potentially offering alternative treatments to traditional medicine. This integrative approach effectively elucidates the biochemical mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of TCM components on depression. 6 Clinical Applications and Efficacy 6.1 Traditional uses 6.1.1 Historical context Chrysanthemum morifolium, commonly known as pot mums, has been a staple in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for centuries. Historically, it has been utilized to treat a variety of ailments, including allergies, cardiovascular diseases, severe flu, hypertension, and sore throat. The plant's rich content of volatile oils and flavonoids has been attributed to its therapeutic properties (Ojha et al., 2023). 6.1.2 Ethnopharmacology Ethnopharmacological studies have highlighted the diverse applications of Chrysanthemum morifolium in traditional medicine. The plant is known for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, aromatic, demulcent, febrifuge, hepatic, hypotensive, and refrigerant properties. These characteristics have justified its widespread use in various traditional remedies across different cultures (Ojha et al., 2023). 6.2 Modern therapeutic applications 6.2.1 Evidence from clinical trials Recent studies have provided substantial evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of Chrysanthemum morifolium. For instance, its flower extract has been shown to ameliorate obesity-induced inflammation and enhance muscle mitochondrial content and AMPK/SIRT1 activities in obese rats. This suggests its potential in managing obesity and related metabolic dysfunctions (Lee et al., 2021). Additionally, the essential oils of Chrysanthemum morifolium have demonstrated significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, further supporting its use as a natural preservative in food and pharmaceutical products (Youssef et al., 2020). 6.2.2 Potential for integrative medicine The bioactive compounds in Chrysanthemum morifolium, such as flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids, have shown promising results in various therapeutic applications. For example, the plant's extract has been found to enhance sleep quality in rodent models by modulating the GABAA receptor and Cl-channel activation, indicating its potential use in treating insomnia (Kim et al., 2023) (Figure 3). Moreover, its anti-depressive effects have been linked to the modulation of multiple metabolic pathways, suggesting its potential as an alternative or complementary treatment for depression (Liu et al., 2020). These findings highlight the potential of Chrysanthemum morifolium in integrative medicine, combining traditional knowledge with modern scientific research to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Kim et al. (2023) illustrates the impact of Chrysanthemum morifolium extract (Chry) on sleep quality in rats, using the AccuSleep algorithm for EEG and EMG analysis. The administration of Chry (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly increased total sleep duration (d) and non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) time (f) while reducing wakefulness (c) and sleep-wake cycles (g), compared to the control group. Rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) duration was unaffected (e). This study demonstrates that Chry extract improves sleep quality by enhancing NREMS and overall sleep duration, suggesting its potential as a natural sleep aid. These findings highlight the therapeutic promise of Chrysanthemum morifolium for sleep disorders, warranting further investigation into its mechanisms and long-term effects.
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