Medicinal Plant Research 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 1-10 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 8 application of composting agricultural residues and returning organic matter to the fields is employed in a circular agricultural approach, achieving the recycling of nutrients. This practice contributes to enhancing soil fertility, reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers, and promoting the overall health of the soil (Zhang and Wong, 2023). Furthermore, adopting a circular agricultural model with a field-fishpond system involves using aquaculture wastewater for irrigation. This approach not only addresses the issue of wastewater disposal but also provides essential nutrients for plant growth. Such a system has positive effects on water resource management and nutrient supply for Chinese Skullcap cultivation. 5.2 Future research directions Future research can delve more deeply into the interaction between Scutellaria baicalensis and its ecosystem. This includes exploring its relationships with other plants, soil microorganisms, insects, and more. Utilizing systematic ecological research methods can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the role and function of Scutellaria baicalensis in the ecosystem, offering more precise management strategies for its sustainable cultivation. For instance, in-depth investigations into the interaction mechanisms between Scutellaria baicalensis and soil microorganisms can optimize the structure of soil microbial communities, enhancing the ecosystem services of the soil (Do et al., 2021). Simultaneously, studying the competition and symbiotic relationships between Scutellaria baicalensis and other plants can aid in designing planting patterns that maintain vegetation diversity. Future research should also focus on new concepts and technologies in the development of eco-friendly agriculture to better address challenges posed by climate change and limited resources. New concepts involve applying ecosystem services theory to Scutellaria baicalensis cultivation, achieving a harmonious symbiosis between agriculture and natural ecosystems. Leveraging modern technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence can precisely monitor and manage the growth process of Scutellaria baicalensis, enhancing the benefits of ecosystem services (Xu et al., 2020). Regarding new technologies, exploring advanced cultivation techniques, such as gene editing, for improving stress resistance of Scutellaria baicalensis and yield is essential. Additionally, researching advanced agricultural equipment and smart irrigation systems can elevate the level and efficiency of agricultural production. In-depth exploration of these new concepts and technologies in the future can provide more insights and solutions for the sustainable cultivation of Scutellaria baicalensis and the development of eco-friendly agriculture. 6 Concluding Remarks Through a comprehensive analysis of the ecological responses and benefits of Scutellaria baicalensis under different planting modes, the following conclusions can be drawn. In the choice of planting modes, organic farming proves more favorable in increasing the medicinal component content of Scutellaria baicalensis compared to traditional cultivation methods. Additionally, it has a positive impact on soil quality and the ecosystem. The environmental principles and soil-friendly management practices of organic farming provide a more suitable growth environment for Scutellaria baicalensis, contributing to the maximization of ecosystem services. Hydroponic and soil cultivation modes each have their advantages and disadvantages. Hydroponic cultivation promotes faster growth and higher medicinal component content in Scutellaria baicalensis but requires more equipment and energy input. Soil cultivation, on the other hand, is more economical but relies heavily on soil quality and requires careful management. When selecting a planting mode, consideration of soil conditions, water resources, and economic costs is crucial to achieve maximum comprehensive benefits. In terms of continuous planting management, the introduction of organic and circular agriculture helps enhance soil fertility, reduce dependency on chemical fertilizers, and further optimize the ecosystem structure. Circular agriculture practices, through resource recycling and utilization, achieve nutrient cycling and promote sustainable agricultural development.
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