Journal of Tea Science Research, 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 10-18 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/jtsr 12 probiotics can also activate the synthesis of some antioxidant enzymes, reducing the damage of tea plants by oxidative stress. Through mechanisms such as competition and production of antimicrobial substances, the growth of some harmful microorganisms in the soil can be inhibited. These harmful microorganisms may cause tea plant diseases, such as tea yellowing. The presence of probiotics can reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms and the incidence of disease, and protect the health of tea plants. 1.3 Symbiotic relationship between probiotics and tea root Probiotics form a symbiotic relationship with tea tree roots, a relationship that benefits both (Huang et al., 2020). Tea tree roots provide a suitable living environment for probiotics, including suitable temperature, humidity and nutrients. Some substances secreted by the root of the tea plant, such as root mucus and rhizosphere acids, attract probiotics to colonize and provide nutrients needed for growth. Probiotics, on the other hand, form a protective barrier by colonizing the roots of the tea plant, preventing the invasion of some harmful microorganisms. In addition, probiotics can also communicate signals with the root of the tea tree, regulate the activity of the plant immune system, and improve the disease resistance of the tea tree. There is a close interaction between probiotics and tea roots. Probiotics have a positive impact on the growth and health status of tea plants through their specific metabolic and physiological functions. Tea tree root provides a suitable living environment for probiotics, and forms a symbiotic relationship with them to promote each other's growth and development. These interactions are of great significance for the control of tea yellowing and the improvement of tea yield. 2 Etiology and Pathological Mechanism of Tea Yellowing 2.1 Etiology and pathogenesis of tea yellowing Tea yellowing is an important disease in tea plants, and its pathogenesis is closely related to complex pathological mechanisms (Figure 1). The occurrence of tea yellowing is closely related to environmental factors, and climatic conditions are one of the important factors. Environmental conditions such as high temperature, high humidity and high light easily lead to the occurrence of tea yellowing (Wang, 2017). In addition, the change of soil conditions, excess or insufficient water will also play a certain role in the incidence of tea yellowing. Figure 1 Tea yellowing disease (Image Source: http://zhibao.yuanlin.com) The incidence of tea yellowing disease is related to pathogen infection. The pathogens of tea yellowing mainly include viruses and fungi. Virus infection is one of the main causes of tea yellowing disease, common viruses include CYLV (Camellia yellow leaf virus), CYMLV (Camellia yellow mottle leaf virus) and so on.
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