International Journal of Horticulture, 2026, Vol.16, No.1, 44-54 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 51 AgroTec 4.0 system increased harvests by 15% using 20% less water while growing better berries (Abdo-Peralta et al., 2024). Remote monitoring systems also cut labor needs by over 30% while making production more reliable (Mubarakah et al., 2023; De Oliveira Bernardo et al., 2024; Jyoti et al., 2025). 8 Concluding Remarks Growing top-quality strawberries year-round depends on carefully managing light, warmth, water and food for the plants. Modern indoor farms - like smart greenhouses, tunnel houses and vertical farms - use special equipment to control growing conditions. These systems combine climate control, special grow lights and soil-free methods to produce steady harvests all year. Even in tight city spaces, growing strawberries in water or stacked setups with adjustable lighting works well for continuous production. While these indoor methods have improved greatly, some big problems remain. Crazy weather from climate change, tougher bugs and diseases, and the need to save resources are pushing farmers toward smarter systems. Networks of sensors connected to cloud computers help monitor and adjust growing conditions perfectly. Matching farm setups to local weather, plant types and what customers want makes the whole system work better and earn more money. Looking ahead, work should focus on better smart tools and systems that handle weather changes well. Important areas include: using clean power, creating self-adjusting control systems, and adding natural pest control methods. Building earth-friendly farms that use resources wisely will help the strawberry business last long while cutting pollution and handling challenges better. Acknowledgments The author would like to thank Professor R. Cai continuous support throughout the development of this study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Abdo-Peralta P., García-Pumagualle C., Carrera-Silva K., Frey C., Rosero-Erazo C., Ortega-Castro J., Orozco J., and Toulkeridis T., 2024, Implementation of an enhanced edge computing system for the optimization of strawberry crop in greenhouses: a smart agriculture approach, Agronomy, 14(12): 3030. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14123030 Alhelal I.M., Albadawi A.A., Alsadon A.A., Alenazi M.M., Ibrahim A.A., Shady M., and Al-Dubai A.A., 2024, Effects of shading nets color on the internal environmental conditions, light spectral distribution, and strawberry growth and yield in greenhouses, Plants, 13(16): 2318. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162318 An C.B., Lee J.S., and Shin J.H., 2025, Comparison of the effects of rockwool and coir medium on the growth, fruit quality, and productivity of strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa) in greenhouse soilless culture, Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, : 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-024-00668-6 Bai X., Lu W., Xu J., Li Q., Xue Z., and Wang X.X., 2025, Effects of cattle manure and sludge vermicompost on nutrient dynamics and yield in strawberry cultivation with distinct continuous cropping histories in a greenhouse, Frontiers in Plant Science, 15: 1514675. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1514675 Datta A.B.H.S., 2020, Response of nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of strawberry: a review, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(5): 3222-3228. Bonelli L., Montesano F.F., D’Imperio M., Gonnella M., Boari A., Leoni B., and Serio F., 2024, Sensor-based fertigation management enhances resource utilization and crop performance in soilless strawberry cultivation, Agronomy, 14(3): 465. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030465 Ciriello M., Pannico A., Rouphael Y., and Basile B., 2025, Enhancing yield, physiological, and quality traits of strawberry cultivated under organic management by applying different non-microbial biostimulants, Plants, 14(5): 712. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14050712 Chen X., Jiang Z., Tai Q., Shen C., Rao Y., and Zhang W., 2022, Construction of a photosynthetic rate prediction model for greenhouse strawberries with distributed regulation of light environment, Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 19: 12774-12791. https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2022596 Chen Y., Liu L., Feng Q., Liu C., Bao Y., Zhang N., Sun R., Yin Z., Zhong C., Wang Y., Li Q., and Li B., 2023, FvWRKY50 is an important gene that regulates both vegetative growth and reproductive growth in strawberry, Horticulture Research, 10(7): uhad115. https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhad115
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