International Journal of Horticulture, 2026, Vol.16, No.1, 27-43 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 36 Table 5 Number of branch per plant of swamp cabbage cultivars at different days after transplanting (DAT) Cultivar Number of branch per plant 14DAT 21DAT 28DAT 35DAT 42DAT V1 3.00 a 4.33NS 5.67 a 7.00 a 8.33 a V2 2.00b 3.33 4.33b 4.67b 5.33b V3 2.33b 4.33 5.33 ab 6.33 a 7.33 a LSD(0.05) 0.67 1.15 1.15 1.48 1.15 CV(%) 13.64 14.43 11.30 12.42 8.25 Note: V1 = BARI swamp cabbage-1; V2 = La procesa swamp cabbage-1; V3 = Nice green swamp cabbage; NS = Non-significant. Means in the same column with different letter(s) are significant at the 0.05 level of probability 3.5 Leaf area With every DAT, remarkable variations in the leaf area were found in the case of swamp cabbage. V1 exceeded V2 (222.33 mm2) and V3 (263.95 mm2) by recording the largest leaf area (647.81 mm2) at 14 DAT (Table 6). The largest leaf area was regularly observed by V1 (Bari Swamp Cabbage-1) compared to V3 (beautiful green) and V2 (LP-1). This pattern was still available at 42 DAT, whereby V1 is still better (664.80 mm2), while V2 and V3 had noticeably reduced the leaf surfaces. The consistently larger leaf surface in V1 reflects its genetic advantage for efficient photosynthesis and contributes to higher growth and earnings potential. Table 6 Leaf area of swamp cabbage cultivars at different days after transplanting (DAT) Cultivar Leaf area (mm2) 14DAT 28DAT 42DAT V1 647.81 a 682.43 a 664.80 a V2 222.33b 329.74b 283.93b V3 263.95b 303.90b 273.84b LSD(0.05) 54.00 92.65 39.63 CV(%) 6.94 10.86 4.87 Note: V1 = BARI swamp cabbage-1; V2 = La procesa swamp cabbage-1; V3 = Nice green swamp cabbage; NS = Non-significant. Means in the same column with different letter(s) are significant at the 0.05 level of probability Leaf area is one of the most crucial variables affecting photosynthetic capability and output potential. The larger leaf area of V1 demonstrates its suitability for intensive cropping systems (Ahmed et al., 2022). The leaf breadth of the various swamp cabbage cultivars varied noticeably at each DAT (Table 7). V1 (BARI swamp cabbage-1), V2 (LP-1), and V3 (Nice Green swamp cabbage) consistently produced the widest leaves. At 14 DAT (33.26 mm), V1's leaves were the broadest and notably larger than those of V2 (23.88 mm) and V3 (23.79 mm). This pattern continued at 42 DAT, with V1 still holding a dominant position (33.89 mm). Wider leaves in V1 suggest the possibility of improved photosynthetic efficiency and light interception, both of which are essential for plant development and yield. Larger leaves on V1 may increase its ability to absorb sunlight, resulting in improved yield and growth (Khan et al., 2020). Table 7 Leaf breadth of swamp cabbage cultivars at different days after transplanting (DAT) Cultivar Leaf breadth (mm) 14DAT 28DAT 42DAT V1 33.26 a 34.53 a 33.89 a V2 23.88b 25.68 b 24.78b V3 23.79b 24.44 b 24.12b LSD(0.05) 3.06 5.23 2.22 CV(%) 5.59 9.42 4.03 Note: V1 = BARI swamp cabbage-1; V2 = La procesa swamp cabbage-1; V3 = Nice green swamp cabbage; NS = Non-significant. Means in the same column with different letter(s) are significant at the 0.05 level of probability
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