International Journal of Horticulture, 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 91-98 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 93 Figure 1 Growth conditions of Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis (Group A) under adequate light (Photographed on January 15 to January 24, 2025) 2.2 Growth of hydroponically cultivatedNarcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis under low light Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis in Group B, cultivated hydroponically under insufficient light, exhibited significantly slower growth. From January 15 to January 20, 2025, leaf lengths ranged from only 2 to 8 cm, with uneven growth and some leaves remaining short. By January 24, the leaf length increased slightly, reaching a maximum of 13 cm, and small flower buds began to form but did not fully bloom. Compared to Group A, the leaves of Group B appeared duller in color and exhibited weaker overall growth, indicating the pronounced inhibitory effect of insufficient light on photosynthesis and plant development. Low light conditions restricted photosynthesis, resulting in insufficient energy production and subsequently impairing leaf growth and flower bud differentiation (Wang et al., 2020). Additionally, the low temperatures in the low-light environment (approximately -1 °C to 5 °C) further suppressed metabolic activity, slowing the growth process. Nevertheless, the hydroponic method provided a stable supply of water and nutrients, enabling Group B Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis to maintain a certain degree of growth, suggesting that cultivation methods can partially mitigate the adverse effects of low light. These findings are consistent with existing research, highlighting that reduced photosynthetic efficiency directly affects plant growth and reproductive capacity. In indoor or home cultivation settings, supplementing artificial light could be an effective strategy to address the challenges posed by low light conditions. 2.3 Growth of soil-cultivatedNarcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis under low light Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis in Group C, cultivated in soil under low light and low-temperature conditions, exhibited the slowest growth performance. From January 15 to January 20, 2025, there was almost no noticeable change in leaf length. By January 24, some leaves had grown to a length of 7 cm, but overall growth was uneven, with certain leaves showing minimal development and no flower buds forming. Compared to other groups, the leaves of Group C were sparse and yellow-green in color, indicating insufficient nutrient supply and inhibited growth (Figure 2). The combination of low light and low temperature severely suppressed photosynthesis, reducing carbohydrate accumulation and further hindering plant growth. Although soil cultivation has a certain capacity for gradual water and nutrient release, its effectiveness was limited under low-light conditions. The lower efficiency of water and oxygen transfer in soil compared to hydroponics further restricted the absorption capacity of the plant roots (Waiba et al., 2020). Experimental results demonstrate that soil cultivation is significantly less effective than hydroponics under low-light conditions. In comparison, Group B, subjected to the same light and temperature conditions, achieved better leaf growth due to the more stable growing environment provided by the hydroponic method. This highlights the greater impact of soil aeration and water supply on plant growth under insufficient light conditions.
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