International Journal of Horticulture, 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 91-98 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 91 Research Article Open Access Effects of Light and Cultivation Conditions on the Growth Performance of Narcissus tazettasubsp. chinensis Fei Yang1, FangWang 2, QianluGu1,WentaoHe 1, Decheng Hong1, Mengyan Yu1, Jinxiao Yao1 1 Zhoushan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhoushan, 316000, Zhejiang, China 2 Tengzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Tengzhou, 277500, Shandong, China Corresponding author: yjx241@126.com International Journal of Horticulture, 2025, Vol.15, No.2 doi: 10.5376/ijh.2025.15.0010 Received: 18 Feb., 2025 Accepted: 29 Mar., 2025 Published: 28 Apr., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Yang et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Yang F., Wang F., Gu Q.L., He W.T., Hong D.C., Yu M.Y., and Yao J.X., 2025, Effects of light and cultivation conditions on the growth performance of Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis, International Journal of Horticulture, 15(2): 91-98 (doi: 10.5376/ijh.2025.15.0010) Abstract The growth and flowering of Putuo narcissus (Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis) are highly sensitive to light conditions and cultivation methods, making it crucial to elucidate its response mechanisms to environmental factors. This study conducted comparative experiments to evaluate the growth performance of Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis under different light conditions (adequate light and low light) and cultivation methods (hydroponics and soil cultivation). The findings revealed that hydroponics under adequate light significantly promoted plant growth and flowering, characterized by rapid leaf elongation, increased flower bud formation, and healthy green leaves. In contrast, low-light conditions significantly suppressed photosynthetic efficiency, leading to uneven leaf growth and limited flower bud development, with soil cultivation showing the poorest performance. The results indicate that hydroponics under adequate light provides the best environment for optimal growth and flowering, significantly enhancing leaf development, bud formation, and overall ornamental value. While hydroponics outperformed soil cultivation under low-light conditions, growth performance was still notably inhibited. This study provides a scientific basis for optimizing the cultivation management of Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis and offers valuable insights for indoor horticultural design and the development of ornamental plant cultivation techniques. Keywords Putuo narcissus (Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis); Light conditions; Hydroponics; Soil cultivation; Growth performance; Horticultural optimization 1 Introduction Putuo narcissus (Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis), also known as the Chinese daffodil, is a widely favored ornamental plant in landscape design and interior decoration due to its unique floral shape, fragrant aroma, and profound cultural significance. It is a bulbous flowering plant originally wild on the islands of the Zhoushan Archipelago (Xie et al., 2015). The species is distributed across nearly a hundred islands in Zhoushan, with the largest cultivation area found on Taohuadao. Renowned for its exceptional fragrance, color, form, and charm, Putuo narcissus was officially named in 1981 and designated as the city flower of Zhoushan. As a perennial herbaceous plant, the Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis not only boasts aesthetic value but also symbolizes good fortune and blessings, earning widespread popularity (Hong et al., 2021). However, its growth and flowering are highly sensitive to environmental conditions, such as changes in light availability and cultivation methods, which can significantly impact its morphological development, photosynthesis, and growth cycle (Li et al., 2013). Due to factors such as a low percentage of large bulbs, low commercial yield, a sharp decline in cultivation area, rising labor costs, a lack of successors in farming despite market demand, and a small market share with insufficient competitiveness, the cultivation area of Putuo Narcissus has been reduced to approximately 200 mu. As a result, production has drastically shrunk, placing the industry in a precarious situation. In recent years, the rapid development of the horticultural industry and increasing consumer demand for high-quality ornamental plants have heightened the need to optimize the cultivation conditions for Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis. In practice, Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensis is commonly cultivated using either
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