International Journal of Horticulture, 2024, Vol.14, No.6, 381-393 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 385 varieties and techniques, brewers in these regions are pushing the boundaries of beer flavor and creating exciting new styles that appeal to a global audience. 5 Global Hop Production and Supply Chain Analysis 5.1 Major hop-producing countries and their cultivation The global hop production landscape is dominated by a few key countries, with the United States and Germany leading the charge. These two countries account for roughly two-thirds of the global hop market, with the USA and Germany contributing significantly to both the area under cultivation and total production volumes (Kubeš, 2021). The Czech Republic also plays a crucial role, particularly in the production of aroma hops, holding the third-largest share globally (Šrédl et al., 2020). In recent years, there has been a notable expansion in hop cultivation in countries like Brazil and Italy, driven by the burgeoning craft beer industry. Brazil, traditionally an importer of hops, has seen a rise in local hop cultivation to meet the demands of its growing number of craft breweries (Figure 2) (Jastrombek et al., 2022; Fortuna et al., 2023). Similarly, Italy has experienced an increase in hop production, particularly in regions like Central Italy and Sicily, where experimental cultivation has shown promising results (Mozzon et al., 2020; Marceddu et al., 2020). Figure 2 Map of Brazil including some emerging hop-growing areas located at different latitudes (Adopted from Jastrombek et al., 2022) Image caption: Lages, Santa Catarina state (28° S, 50° W, elevation 916 m a.s.l., Cfb climate, humid subtropical with temperate summer); Palotina, Parana state (24° S, 54° W, elevation 320 m a.s.l., Cfa climate, humid subtropical with hot summer); and Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo state (21° S, 48° W, elevation 516 m a.s.l., Aw climate, tropical with dry winter) (Adopted from Jastrombek et al., 2022)
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