International Journal of Horticulture, 2024, Vol.14, No.6, 343-354 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 348 In addition to its soil-enhancing properties, Xanthoceras contributes to the development of a more resilient ecosystem by creating favorable conditions for microbial activity. This increased biological activity further supports soil health and plant growth. The ability of Xanthoceras to improve both the chemical and physical properties of the soil makes it a valuable species in land restoration projects, particularly in marginal lands that have been degraded by desertification and poor land management practices (Figure 3) (Zong et al., 2021). Figure 3 Correlation analysis of physiological, photosynthetic, and antioxidant enzyme activities in Xanthoceras sorbifolium seedlings under salt stress (Adapted from Zong et al., 2021) Image caption: This figure shows the correlations between various physiological indicators, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzyme activities in Xanthoceras sorbifolium seedlings under salt stress. Red indicates positive correlations, blue indicates negative correlations, and the intensity of the color represents the strength of the correlation coefficient. Asterisks indicate significance at the 5% level (Adapted from Zong et al., 2021) Zong et al. (2021) revealed the physiological adaptation mechanisms of Xanthoceras sorbifoliumunder salt stress conditions. Figure 3 shows that antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, POD, and CAT have significant positive correlations with various physiological indicators, indicating their crucial role in mitigating oxidative damage caused by salt stress. Moreover, the negative correlations between water use efficiency and several physiological indicators suggest a decline in the plant's water regulation ability under salt stress. Combined with the nitrogen-fixing ability and stress resistance of Xanthoceras sorbifolium, it holds potential applications in improving saline-alkaline soils. By enhancing soil structure and nutrient cycling, it can contribute to the restoration of saline-alkaline lands and the improvement of agricultural productivity. 4.3 Promotion of biodiversity Xanthoceras sorbifolium promotes biodiversity by creating a habitat that supports various plant and animal species. By stabilizing the soil and improving microclimatic conditions, Xanthoceras facilitates the establishment of other plant species, particularly in degraded areas where vegetation cover is minimal. Over time, this contributes to increased plant diversity, as different species are able to thrive in the protected environment created by Xanthoceras windbreaks and sand-fixing belts. Research has shown that species richness and plant diversity are significantly higher in Xanthoceras-dominated restoration sites compared to areas without such interventions (Li and Fan, 2010). Furthermore, the tree provides shelter and food for various wildlife species, including birds and small mammals, which contributes to a balanced ecosystem. Its flowers and fruits serve as a food source, while its dense foliage offers protection from predators and harsh environmental conditions. By supporting a diverse array of organisms,
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