International Journal of Horticulture, 2024, Vol.14, No.4, 263-274 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 272 The future of carrot breeding lies in the continued integration of advanced genomic tools and technologies. The development of more affordable and precise DNA markers will further enhance the efficiency of MAS, making it accessible to a wider range of breeding programs. Additionally, the refinement of GS models and the incorporation of high-throughput phenotyping techniques will enable breeders to accurately predict and select for complex traits, including disease resistance and yield. Collaborative efforts between researchers, breeders, and agricultural stakeholders will be crucial in translating these technological advancements into practical breeding strategies. Ultimately, the goal is to develop carrot varieties that are not only high-yielding and disease-resistant but also adaptable to changing environmental conditions, ensuring food security and agricultural sustainability for future generations. By leveraging the power of Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS), the carrot breeding community can make significant strides in addressing the challenges posed by diseases and environmental stresses, paving the way for a more resilient and productive agricultural sector. Acknowledgments The HortHerb Publisher sincerely thanks the two anonymous peer reviewers who participated in the evaluation of this manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Amas J.C., Thomas W.J., Zhang Y., Edwards D., and Batley J., 2023, Key advances in the new era of genomics-assisted disease resistance improvement of Brassica species, Phytopathology®, 113(5): 771-785. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-22-0289-FI Beketova M.P., Chalaya N.A., Zoteyeva N.M., Gurina A.A., Kuznetsova M.A., Armstrong M., Hein I., Drobyazina P., Khavkin E., and Rogozina Е.V., 2021, Combination breeding and marker-assisted selection to develop late blight resistant potato cultivars, Agronomy, 11(11): 2192. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202110.0209.v1 Boopathi N.M., 2020, Marker-assisted selection (MAS), in Genetic Mapping and Marker Assisted Selection: Basics, Practice and Benefits, 343-388. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2949-8_9 Boudichevskaia A., Berner T., Keilwagen J., and Dunemann F., 2022, Genome-wide identification of putative disease resistance genes (R genes) in carrot (Daucus carotasubsp. sativus) by homology-based gene prediction, bioRxiv, 2022-10. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.11.511714 Clerc V., Aubert C., Cottet V., Yovanopoulos C., Piquet M., Suel A., Huet S., Koutouan C., Hamama L., Chalot G., Jost M., Pumo B., and Briard M., 2019, Breeding for carrot resistance to Alternaria dauci without compromising taste, Molecular Breeding, 39: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-019-0966-7 Clerc V., Marques S., Suel A., Huet S., Hamama L., Voisine L., Auperpin E., Jourdan M., Barrot L., Prieur R., and Briard M., 2015, QTL mapping of carrot resistance to leaf blight with connected populations: stability across years and consequences for breeding, Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 128: 2177-2187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-015-2576-z Collins P.J., Wen Z., and Zhang S., 2018, Marker-assisted breeding for disease resistance in crop plants, in Biotechnologies of Crop Improvement, Volume 3: Genomic Approaches, 41-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94746-4_3 Domblides A., and Domblides E., 2023, Rapid genetic assessment of carrot varieties based on AFLP analysis, Horticulturae, 9(3): 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9030298 de Carvalho A.D., da Silva G.O., and Pereira G.E., 2019, Direct selection for phenotypic traits in carrot genotypes, Horticultura Brasileira, 37: 354-358. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-053620190316 Ellison S., Senalik D., Bostan H., Iorizzo M., and Simon P., 2017, Fine mapping, transcriptome analysis, and marker development for Y2, the gene that conditions β-carotene accumulation in carrot (Daucus carota L.), G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics, 7(8): 2665-2675. https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.117.043067 Flores-Ortiz C., Alvarez L.M., Undurraga A., Arias D., Durán F., Wegener G., and Stange C., 2020, Differential role of the two ζ-carotene desaturase paralogs in carrot (Daucus carota): ZDS1 is a functional gene essential for plant development and carotenoid synthesis, Plant Science, 291: 110327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110327
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