International Journal of Horticulture, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 44-58 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 54 Table 15 Operating cost from 5thto20th year Years Fixed cost Variable cost Total cost 5 to9yrs 9007.64 103114.47 112122.1211 10 to14 yrs 9007.64 104296.11 113303.757 15 to20 yrs 9007.64 41649.95 50657.60626 Source: Field study, 2023 Figure 5 Operating cost for apple production 3.8.2 Returns from apple The study revealed that apples started fruiting from the fourth year, however, the economic returns from the apple were witnessed only from the 5th year of orchard establishment (Table 16). According to the findings, the returns from the apple increased with increasing years and were highest in the 13th, 14th, and 15th years. It was reported that 15th year onwards the production decreased. Table 16 Returns from the apple from 5th to20th year Years Kg of fruits per ha Benefit per ha 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 2982 7559 6 7668 194999 7 10650 314279 8 17040 569879 9 20448 706199 10 25560 909096 11 28968 1045416 12 31950 1164696 13 36636 1352136 14 38340 1420296 15 42600 1590696 16 38340 1482942.4 17 31950 1227342.4 18 27690 1056942.4 19 21300 801342.4 20 12780 460542.4 Source: Field survey, 2023
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