International Journal of Horticulture, 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 1-10 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 8 Considering these potential mechanisms and factors, we can better understand how subsoiling treatment affects soil and sweet potato growth. In-depth research into these aspects contributes to optimizing subsoiling methods for achieving higher agricultural yields and sustainable farming practices. 6 Research Progress and Challenges 6.1 Research trends The field of research on the impact of subsoiling treatment on soil permeability and crop growth is experiencing rapid development to meet the growing demand for food and the requirements of sustainable agriculture. An increasing amount of research is focusing on how to integrate subsoiling treatment with sustainable soil management (Ning et al., 2022) to maximize soil quality and reduce environmental impacts, including soil erosion and nutrient loss. Researchers are also exploring ways to enhance the adaptability of crop root systems through genetic improvements to better utilize the improved soil conditions resulting from subsoiling treatment. This may involve improving crop tolerance to low oxygen conditions and increasing nutrient absorption efficiency. The application of advanced sensing technologies and data analysis methods is also increasing our understanding of the effects of subsoiling treatment. This includes using remote sensing data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to monitor changes in soil permeability and analyzing large datasets to reveal the relationship between deep tillage and crop growth (AbdelRahman, 2023). 6.2 Knowledge gaps and unresolved issues Despite the potential of subsoiling treatment in soil management, there are still some knowledge gaps and unresolved issues, such as ecosystem effects, regional variations in applicability, and sustainability concerns. Research on the long-term impacts of subsoiling treatment on soil ecosystems is still relatively limited. More studies are needed to understand the effects of subsoiling treatment on soil microbial communities and ecosystem functions. The effects of subsoiling treatment may vary between different geographical regions and soil types. Therefore, further research is necessary to determine the most suitable subsoiling methods for different regions and conditions. While subsoiling treatment can enhance crop production, improper implementation may lead to soil erosion and environmental issues. Hence, ongoing research is needed to explore how to achieve the sustainability of subsoiling treatment in practice, minimizing adverse impacts. 6.3 Prospects for the practical application and sustainable agriculture As a method of soil improvement, subsoiling treatment holds enormous potential for enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability. By further investigating the impacts of subsoiling treatment, overcoming knowledge gaps and challenges, we can better harness this technology to meet the ever-growing demand for food while safeguarding the health of soils and ecosystems. Subsoiling treatment is poised to play a crucial role in future sustainable agriculture, contributing to global food security and environmental sustainability. 7 Concluding Remarks This paper presents a comprehensive study and analysis of the impact of subsoiling treatment on soil permeability and its influence on the growth of sweet potatoes. By delving into the definition, methods, and effects of subsoiling treatment on soil permeability and sweet potato growth, the following conclusions have been drawn. Subsoiling treatment is a soil management practice that improves the physical properties of the soil, including increased porosity and permeability, through mechanical, biological, or chemical methods. Common methods of subsoiling treatment include mechanical, biological, and chemical approaches, which can be selected and adjusted based on different soil and field conditions. Soil permeability is crucial for agricultural production. Well-permeable soil helps reduce the risk of waterlogging and root waterlogging, enhances the growth environment for plant roots, and facilitates the supply of water and nutrients. Additionally, it has significant implications for water resource management and the health of soil ecosystems. Subsoiling treatment, by increasing soil looseness, porosity, and permeability, significantly improves
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