Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding 2025, Vol.15, No.5, 211-219 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/tgmb 217 inbreeding problems still exist in some populations, which affects the potential of genetic improvement (Li et al., 2025a). Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the collection, evaluation and sharing of genetic resources on a global scale, promote international cooperation, enrich the basic materials for breeding, and improve the stress resistance and adaptability of Metasequoia glyptostroboides. 9 Future Perspectives 9.1 Integration of multi-omics for trait dissection and stress adaptation The combination of multi-omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics will become a powerful tool for studying the stress resistance of Metasequoia glyptostroboides. Yang et al. (2019) found that this tree has obvious phenotypic plasticity in different environments. For instance, its root structure and physiological characteristics will adjust with environmental changes, thereby helping it adapt to aquatic or terrestrial environments. Through multi-omics joint analysis, key genes, regulatory networks and metabolic pathways related to adverse conditions such as drought resistance and salt tolerance can be identified, providing a theoretical basis for precision breeding and molecular design (Li et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2019). Population genetics studies have shown that the genetic diversity within the population of Metasequoia glyptostroboides is relatively high, which creates conditions for in-depth multi-omics research and trait association analysis (Li et al., 2025a). 9.2 Combining conventional breeding with synthetic biology for accelerated improvement In traditional breeding, such as the selection of superior individual plants and hybrid breeding, some achievements have been made in the improvement of the stress-resistant traits of Metasequoia glyptostroboides. However, due to its long generation cycle and complex genetic background, its progress has been relatively slow. The introduction of synthetic biology tools can significantly accelerate the improvement of target traits. The superior genotypes can be rapidly propagated and preserved by using tissue culture and micropropagation systems (Xiong et al., 2019). Exogenous stress resistance genes or regulatory elements can also be introduced into the target material to enhance its drought resistance or salt tolerance (Li et al., 2018; Kong et al., 2022). In the future, the combination of traditional breeding and synthetic biology is expected to more efficiently cultivate new stress-resistant varieties suitable for ecological restoration. 9.3 Role of policy and conservation programs in supporting breeding applications Policies and conservation projects are also crucial for the stress-resistant breeding and ecological restoration of Metasequoia glyptostroboides. The research by Li et al. (2025a) indicates that protecting its genetic structure and diversity requires scientific management and policy guidance, as well as the formulation of differentiated protection and utilization plans. The ecological restoration and endangered species protection policies issued by the state and local authorities have provided guarantees for the promotion of stress-resistant species and the restoration of their habitats. Establishing germplasm resource banks, conducting population dynamic monitoring and implementing ecological compensation mechanisms are useful for enhancing the genetic diversity and adaptability of Metasequoia glyptostroboides and promoting its application in ecological restoration (Xiong et al., 2019; Li et al., 2025a). Acknowledgments The authors appreciate the comments from two anonymous peer reviewers on the manuscript of this study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Ahn J., Dinh T., Park S., Choi I., Park C., and Son Y., 2022, Characteristics of biogenic volatile organic compounds emitted from major species of street trees and urban forests, Atmospheric Pollution Research, 13(7): 101470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2022.101470 Chen J., Yao L., Ai X., Zhu J., Wu M., Huang X., Chen S., Wang J., and Zhu Q., 2020, Adaptive strategies of functional traits of Metasequoia glyptostroboides parent trees to changing habitats, Biodiversity Science, 28(3): 296-302. https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2019099
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